Literature Database on Gender in Subsahara Africa

Literature on politics

Africa OverviewAngolaBenin
BotswanaBurkina FasoBurundi
CameroonCentral African RepublicChad
D.R. Congo / ZaireDjiboutiEquatorial Guinea
EritreaEthiopiaGabon
GambiaGhanaGuinea
Guinea BisseauIvory CoastKenya
LesothoLiberiaMadagascar
MalawiMaliMauritius
MozambiqueNamibiaNiger
NigeriaRwandaSenegal
Sierra LeoneSomaliaSouth Africa
South SudanSudanSwaziland / Eswatini
TanzaniaThe CongoTogo
UgandaZambiaZimbabwe

Africa Overview

Abdulmelik, Nebila / Belay, Tsion (2019): Advancing women’s political rights in Africa, The promise and potential of ACDEG, in: Africa Spectrum, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 147-161. [7100]

Achebe, Nwando (2020): Female Monarchs and Merchant Queens in Africa, Ohio University Press, Athens. [11653]

Achebe, Nwando / Robertson, Claire (ed.) (2019): Holding the world together, African women in changing perspective, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. [11594]

Afshar, Haleh (1987): Women, state and ideology, Studies from Africa and Asia, MacMillan Press, London. [7102]

Allen, Chris (1991): Gender, participation, and radicalism in African nationalism, Its contemporary significance, in: Cohen, Robin / Goulbourne, Harry (eds.): Democracy and socialism in Africa, Westview Press, Boulder, pp. 199-215. [7103]

Amri, Laroussi, Ramtohul, Ramola (eds.) (2014): Gender and citizenship in the global age, CODESRIA, Dakar. [7101]

Apt, Nana Araba / Agyemang-Mensah, Nana / Grieco, Margaret (eds.) (1998): Maintaining the momentum of Beijing, The contributions of African gender NGO’s, Ashagte Publishers, Aldershot. [7104]

Aubrey, Lisa (2001): Gender, development, and democratization in Africa, in: Journal of Asian and African Studies, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 103-111. [7105]

Bauer, Gretchen / Britton, Hannah (eds.) (2006): Women in African parliaments, Lynne Rienner, Boulder. [7106]

Blystad, Astrid / Haukanes, Haldis / Zenebe, Mulumebet (2014): Mediating development? Exchanges on gender policies and development practies in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in: Africa Today, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 25-45. [7107]

Bunwaree, Sheila (2007): African renaissance, The need for gender-inclusive development states, in: Journal of African Renaissance Studies, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 73-87. [7108]

Callaway, Barbara / Creevey, Lucy (1989): Women and state in Islamic West Africa, in: Charlton, Ellen et al. (eds.): Women, state and development, Suny Press, St. Albany, pp. 96-113. [7109]

Callaway, Barbara / Creevey, Lucy (1994): Islam – Women, religion and politics in West Africa, Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder. [7110]

Charles, Maria (2020): Gender attitudes in Africa, Liberal egalitarianism across 34 countries, Social Forces, vol. 99, no. 1, pp. 86-125. [7111]

Chazan, Naomi (1990): Gender perspectives on African states, in: Parpart, Jane / Staudt, Kathleen (eds.): Women and the state in Africa, Westview Press, Boulder, pp. 185-202. [7112]

Cohen, Ronald (1993): Women, status and high office in African politics, in: Henderson, J.S. / Netherly, P.J. (eds.): Configurations of power, Holistic anthropology in theory and practice, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, pp. 181-208. [7113]

Coquery-Vidropvitch, Catherine (1998): African women, A modern history, Westview Press, Boulder. [7114]

Cornwall, Andrea / Goetz, Anne Marie (2005): Democratizing democracy, Feminist perspectives, in: Democracy, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 783-802. [7115]

Edgell, Amanda (2018): Vying for a man seat, Gender quotas and sustainable representation in Africa, in: African Studies Review, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 185-214. [7116]

Gawaya, Rose / Mukasa, Rosemary (2005): The African women’s protocol, A new dimension for women’s rights in Africa, in: Gender and Development, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 42-50. [7117]

Geiger, Susan (1990): Women and African nationalism, in: Journal of Women’s History, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 227-244. [7118]

Guyer, Jane (1987): Women and the state in Africa, Marriage law, inheritance and resettlement, Working Paper, no. 127, African Studies Centre, Boston University, Boston. [7119]

Hingston, Claudine Anita (2016): Towards gender equality in Africa, a review of aspiration 6 in Agenda 2063, in: Journal of African Union Studies, vol. 5, no. 2/3, pp. 39-49. [7120]

Hirschman, D. (1991): Women and political participation in Africa, Broadening the scope of research, World Development, 19, 12, pp. 1679-1694. [7121]

Ibrahim, Jibrin (2004): The first lady syndrome and the marginalization of women from power, Opportunities or compromises for gender equality, in: Feminist Africa, issue 3. www.feministafrica.org [7122]

Kuumba, Bahati / White, M. (eds.) (2003): Transnational transgressions, African women, struggle and transformation in global perspective, Africa World Press, Trenton. [11805]

Lachenmann, Gudrun (1996): Transformationsprozesse in Westafrika, Widersprüche und Chancen für Frauenpolitik und Wandel der Geschlechterverhältnisse, in: Afrika, Asien, Lateinamerika, 24, pp. 231-251. [7123]

Lindberg, Steffen (2004): Women`s empowerment and democratization, The effects of electoral systems, participation and experience in Africa, in: Studies in Comparative International Development, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 28-53. [7124]

Madsen, Hojlund Diana (ed.) (2020): Gendered institutions and women’s political representation in Africa, Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala / Zed Book, London. [7125]

McFadden, Pat. (2005): Becoming Postcolonial: African Women Changing the Meaning of Citizenship, in: Meridians: feminism, race, transnationalism. 6, 1, pp. 1–18. [12202]

Mougoué. Jacqueline-Bethel (2019): Gender, Separatist Politics, and Embodied Nationalism in Cameroon. University of Michigan Press, Madison. [12204]

Muriaas, Ranghild / Wang, Vibeke / Murray, Rainbow (eds.) (2020): Gendered electorcal financing, Money, power and representation in comparative perspective, Routledge, New York. [7126]

Nkenkana, Akhona (2015): No African Futures without the liberation of women: A Decolonial Perspective, in: Africa Development, Volume xl, 3, pp. 41–57. [12184]

Nwapa, Flora (1987): Women in politics, in: Présence Africaine, Nr. 141, pp. 115-121. [7127]

Ogunsanya, Kemi (2007): Qualifying women’s leadership in Africa, in: Conflict Trends, vol. 2, pp. 50-54. [7129]

Okech, Awino (ed). (2020): Gender Protests and Political Change in Africa. Palgrave Macmillan, London. [12207]

Okeke-Ihejirika, Philomina (2006): Women, NEPAD and nation building, Revisiting a dying debate, in: African Sociologial Review, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 72-93. [7130]

Okeke-Ihejirika, Philomina / Franceschet, Susan (2002): Democratization and state feminism, Gendered politics in Africa and Latin America, in: Development and Change, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 439-466. [7131]

O‘Barr, Jean (1984): African women in politics, in: Hay, Margaret Jean / Stichter, Sharon (eds.): African women south of the Sahara, Longman, London, pp. 145-156. (and first version in: African Studies Review, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 19-27. [7128]

Parpart, Jane (1988): Women and the state in Africa, in: Rothchild, Donald / Chazan, Naomi (eds.): The precarious balance, State and society in Africa, Boulder, Westview Press, pp. 208-230. [7132]

Parpart, Jane / Staudt, Kathleen (eds.) (1990): Women and the state in Africa, Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder. [7133]

Presley, Cora (1989): Women and the state in Africa, Boulder, Lynne Rienner. [7134]

Ramtohul, Ramola (2020): Women, Gender, and Politics in Africa, in: The Palgrave Handbook of African Women’s Studies. [12237]

Roberts, Pepe (1991): Democracy and agrarian question in Africa, Reflections on the politics of states and the representation of peasants’ and women’s interests, in: Roberts, Pepe / Williams, Gavin (eds.): Democracy and socialism in Africa, Westview Press, Boulder, pp. 70-92. [7135]

Ross, Marc (1986): Female political participation: A cross-cultural explanation, in: American Anthropologist, vol. 88, pp. 843-858. [7136]

Ruppert, Uta (1998): Demokratisierung und Modernisierung von Machtlosigkeit? Geschlechterverhältnisse in den Prozessen gesellschaftlicher Transformation in Afrika, in: Kreisky, Eva / Sauer, Birgit (Hrsg.) Geschlechterverhältnisse im Kontext politischer Transformation, Westdeutscher Verlag, Herford, pp. 491-511. [7137]

Sacks, Karen (1986): An overview of women and power in Africa, in: O’Barr, J. (ed.): Perspectives on power, Women in Africa, Asia and Latin America, Garvin und Unwill Publishers, London. [7138]

Skaine, Rosemarie (2008): Women political leaders in Africa, McFarland and Company, London. [7139]

Staudt, Kathleen (1985): Women’s political consciousness in Africa: A framework for analysis, in: Monson, Janie (ed.): Women as food producers in developing countries, UCLA Publications, Los Angeles, pp. 71-84. [7140]

Staudt, Kathleen (1986): Women, development and the state, in: Development and Change, vol. 17, no. 2. [7141]

Staudt, Kathleen (1986): Stratification, Implications for women politics, in Robertson, Claire / Berger, Iris (eds.) Women and class in Africa, pp. 197-215. [7142]

Staudt, Kathleen (1987): Women’s politics, the state, and capitalist transformation in Africa, in: Markowitz, I.L. (ed.): Studies in power and class in Africa, New York. [7143]

Staudt, Kathleen (1989): The state and gender in colonial Africa, in: Charlton, E.M. / Everett, J. / Staudt, K. (eds.): Women, the state and development, New York. [7144]

Staudt, Kathleen / Col, Jeanne-Marie (1991): Diversity in East Africa: Cultural pluralism, public policy and the state, in: Gallin, Rita / Ferguson, Anne (eds.): The women and international development annual, vol. 2, Boulder, pp. 241-264. [7145]

Steady, Filomina (2005): Women and collective action in Africa, Development, democratisation and empowerment, Palgrave, London. [7146]

Steady, Filomina Chioma (ed.) (1985): The black woman cross-culturally, Cambridge Mass. [12351]

Stewart, Ann (1996): Should women give up the state? The African experiences, in: Rai, Shirin / Lievesley, Geraldine (eds.): Women and the state, International perspectives, Taylor and Fracis, London, pp. 23-44. [7147]

Tamale, Sylivia (2006): Taking the beast by its horns, Formal resistance to women’s oppression in Africa, in: Africa Development, vol. 21, no 4, pp. 5-21. [7148]

Tamale, Sylivia (2006): Think globally, act locally, Using international treties for women’s empowerment in East Africa, in: Agenda, no. 50, pp. 97-104. [7149]

Thabane, Tebello (2008): Bridging the gap between de jure and de facto parliamentary representation of women in Africa, in: Comparative and International Law Journal of Southern Africa, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 175-204. [7150]

Tripp, Alili Mari (1996): Urban women's movements and political liberalization in East Africa, in: Sheldon, Kathleen (ed.): Courtyards, markets, city streets, Urban women in Africa, Westview Press, Boulder, pp. 285-308. [7151]

Tripp, Alili Mari (2001): Women's movements and challenges to neopatrimonial rule, Preliminary observations from Africa, in: Development and Change, vol. 32, pp. 33-54. [7152]

Tripp, Alili Mari (2001): The new political activism in Africa, in: Journal of Democracy, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 141-155. [7153]

Trushen, Meredeth / Alidou, Ousseina (2000): Africa, women in the aftermath of civil war, in: Race and Class, vol. 41, 4, pp. 81-99. [7154]

Van Allen, Judith (1974): Memsahib, militante, femme libre: Political and apolitical style of modern West African women, In: Jaquette, Jean (ed.): Women in politics, New York. [7155]

Van Allen, Judith (1976): African women, „Modernisation“, and national liberation, in: Iglitzin, L. / Ross, R. (eds.): Women and the world, A comparative study, Santa Barbara. [7156]

Van Allen, Judith (2001): Women’s rights movements as a measure of African democracy, in: Journal of Asian and African Studies, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 39-63. [7157]

Van der Westhuizen, Christi (ed.) (2005): Gender instruments in Africa, Critical perspectives and future strategies, Institute for Global Dialogue, Pretoria. [7158]

Wendoh, Senorina / Wallace, Tina (2005): Re-thinking gender mainstreaming in African gender NGOs and communities, in: Gender and Development, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 57-69. [7159]

Yacob-Haliso / Falola, Toyin (eds.) (2020): Palgrave Handbook of African women´s studies, Palgrave, London [12256]

Yacob-Haliso / Falola, Toyin (eds.) (2020): Palgrave Handbook of African women´s studies, Palgrave, London [12257]

Yacob-Haliso, Olajumoke; Falola, Toyin (eds.) (2021): The Palgrave Handbook of African Women´s Studies, Springer International Publishing, Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. [12152]

Yoon, Mi Ming (2001): Democratisation and women’s legislative representation in Sub-Saharan Africa, in: Democratisation, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 169-190. [7160]


Angola

Campbell, Horace (1993): Angolan women and the electoral process in Angola 1992, in: Africa Development, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 23-63. [7161]

Campbell, Horace (1998): Angolan women in search for peace, in: African Journal of Political Sciences, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 70-81. [7162]

Campbell, Horace (1999): The search for peace in Angola, The crucial role of women, in: Africa Quarterly, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 105-140. [7163]

Organization of Angolan Women (1984): Angolan women building the future, From national liberation to women's emancipation, Zed Books, London. [7165]

Scott, Catherine (1994): “Men in our country behave like chiefs”, Tétreault, Mary Ann (ed.): Women and revolution in Africa, Asia and the new world, University of California Press, Berkeley, pp. 89-110. [7164]


Benin

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Botswana

Madsen, Diana (ed.) (2020): Gendered institutions and women’s political representation in Africa, Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala / Zed Book, London. [7166]

Selowane, Onalenna (1998): Gender and democracy in Botswana: Women's struggles for equality and political participation, in: Nzongola-Ntalaja, Georges / Lee, Margaret C. (eds.): The state and democracy in Africa, Africa World Press, Trenton. [7168]

Selowane, Onalenna (2000): Civil society, citizenship and women's rights in Botswana, in: Rai, Shirin M. (ed.): International perspectives on gender and democratisation, St. Martin's Press, New York, pp. 83-99. [7169]

Selowane, Onalenna (1998): Equality of citizenship and the gendering of democracy in Botswana, in: Edge, W.A. / Lekorwe, M. H. (eds.): Botswana, politics and society, Van Schaik Publishers, Pretoria, pp. 397-411. [7167]


Burkina Faso

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Burundi

Okech, Awino (ed.) (2020): Gender Protests and Political Change in Africa. Palgrave Macmillan, London. [12234]


Cameroon

Apt, Nana Araba / Agyemang-Mensah, Nana / Grieco, Margaret (eds.) (1998): Maintaining the momentum of Beijing, The contributions of African gender NGO’s, Ashagte Publishers, Aldershot. [12363]

Atanga, Lilian Lem (2009): Gender, discourse and power in the Cameroonian parliament, Langa Publishers, Douala. [7170]

Diduk, Susan (1989): Women’s agricultural production and political action in the Cameroon grassfields, in: Africa, 59, no. 3, pp. 338-356. [7171]

Diduk, Susan (2004): The civility of incivility: Grassroots political activism, Female farmers, and the Cameroon State, in: African Studies Review, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 27-54. [7172]

Epie-Eyoh, B.S. (1993): Women's contribution to democratic change in Cameroon, in: Lyonga, Nalova / Breitinger, Eckhard / Butake, Bole (eds.): Anglophone Cameroon writing, Bayreuth African Studies Series 30, Bayreuth. [7173]

Fonchingong, Charles (2004): Nongovernmental organizations and the struggle for a new status for rural women in the North Western Cameroon, in: Thorne, Magdalena E. (ed.): Women in society: Achievements, risks, and challenges, Nova Science Publishers, New York. [7174]

Hartwig, Elisabeth (2005): Rural African women as subjects of political and social change, A case study of women in Northwestern Cameroon, Lit-Verlag, Münster. [7175]

Ifeka, Caroline (1992): The mystical and political powers of Queen mothers, kings, and commoners in Nso, Cameroon, in: Ardener, Shirley (ed.): Persons and powers of diverse cultures, Berg Publishers, Oxford, S.135-157. [7176]

Lekses, Jeanette (1998): Gender awareness and politics, Theory and practice of small NGD’s, in: Development and Practice, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 478-482. [7177]

Lewis, Barbara (1990): Farming women, public policy, and the women’s ministry: A case study from Cameroon, in: Staudt, Kathleen (eds.): Women, the Delopment and politics, The bureaucratic mire, Temple University Press, Philadelphia, pp. 180-200. [7178]

Masquellier, Bertrand (1985): Women's constitutional role in politics: The Ide of West-Cameroo, in: Barbier, Jean-Claude (ed.) Femmes du Cameroun. Meres pacifiques, femmes rebelles, Kartha Publications, Paris, pp. 105-118. [7179]


Central African Republic

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Chad

Weinberger, Katinka / Jutting, Johannes P. (2001): Women's participation in local organizations: Conditions and constraints, in: World Development, vol. 29, pp. 1391-1404. [7180]


D.R. Congo / Zaire

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Djibouti

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Equatorial Guinea

Allan, Joanna (2019): Silenced resistance, Women, dictatorships and genderwashing in Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. [7181]


Eritrea

Eikenberg, Kathrin (1985): Frauen in Eritrea, Zur Frauenpolitik der EPLF, Institut für Afrika-Kunde, Hamburg. [7182]

Muller, Tanya (2004): ‘Now I am free’, education and human resource development in Eritrea, Contradictions in the lives of Eritrean women in higher education, in: Compare, A Journal of Comparative Education, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 215-229. [7183]

Muller, Tanya (2005): The making of elite women, Revolution and nation building in Eritrea, EJ Brill Publishers, Amsterdam. [7184]


Ethiopia

Becher, C. (2003): Natural resource management, modes of governance and the construction of gender in Ethiopia, in: Bruchhaus, Eva-Marie (ed.): Hot Spot Horn of Africa: Between integration and disintegration, Lit Verlag, Münster/Berlin. [7185]

Berhane - Selassie, Tsehai (1997): Ethiopian rural women and the state, in: Mikell, Gwendolyn (eds.): African feminism, The politics of survival in Sub-Saharan Africa, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, pp. 182-205. [7186]

Berhane - Selassie, Tsehai (1997): The politics of womanhood in occupational inequality, in: Scott, Joan W. (ed.): Transitions, Environments, Translations: Feminisms in International Politics, Routledge, New York/London, pp. 226-249. [7187]

Heinrich-Boell-Foundation (2001): Gender gaps in our constitutions, Women’s concern in selected African countries, Heinrich Boell Foundation, Nairobi. [7188]

Kurimoto, Eisei (2002): Fear and anger: Female versus male narratives among the Anywaa, in: James, Wendy / Donham, Donald L. et al. (eds.): Remapping Ethiopia: Socialism and after, James Currey, Oxford. [7189]

Nath, Kamla (1985): National machinery for the integration of women in development, A strategy for the Gambia, Working Paper, no. 104, African Studies Centre, Boston University, Boston. [7195]

Olmstead, Judith (1975): Farmers wife, weavers wife, Women and work in two Southern Ethiopian communities, in: African Studies Review, vool. 18, no. 3, pp. 85-97. [7191]

Olmstead, Judith (1997): Women between two worlds, Portrait of a Ethiopian rural women leader, Routlege Publications, New York. [7192]

Poluha, Eva (2002): Beyond the silence of women in Ethiopian politics, in: Cowen, Michael / Laakso, Liisa (eds.): Multi-party elections in Africa, James Currey, Oxford, pp. 60-74. [7190]

Wright, Marta (2002): ‘Women are not corrupt’, in: Pausewang, Siegfried / Tronvoll, Kjetil et al. (eds.): Ethiopia Since the Derg: A decade of democratic pretension and performance, Zed Books, London. [7193]


Gabon

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Gambia

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Ghana

Agyemang-Mensah, Naana (1998): An overview of Ghanaian gender activity, in: Agyemang-Mensah, Nana (ed.): Maintaining the momentum of Beijing, The contribution of African gender NGOs, Ashgate Publishing, Aldershot, pp. 38-54. [7196]

Amoo-Adare, Epifania (2004): En-gendering critical spatial literacy, Migrant Asante women and the politics of urban space, in: Wagadu: A Transnational Journal of Women's and Gender Studies, vol.1, no. 1. [7197]

Apt, Nana Araba / Agyemang-Mensah, Nana / Grieco, Margaret (eds.) (1998): Maintaining the momentum of Beijing, The contributions of African gender NGO’s, Ashagte Publishers, Aldershot. [12359]

Apusigah, Agnes (2004): Gender, vulnerability and the politics of decision-making in Ghana: The case of the Upper East Region, in: Ghana Journal of Development Studies, vol. 1, pp. 6-26. [7198]

Arhin, Kwame (1983): The political and military roles of Akan women, in: Oppong, Ch. (ed.): Female and male in West Africa, George Allen and Unwin Publishers, George Allen and Unwin, London, pp. 91-98. [7199]

Assibey-Mensah, George (1998): Ghana's Women-in Development Program: Problems, issues, and prescription, in: Journal of Black Studies, vol. 29, pp. 277-295. [7200]

Aubrey, Lisa (1995): Women, state and society under the PNDC, in: Bedu-Addo, Jerry (ed.): Women’s studies with a focus on Ghana, Selected readings, Books on African Studies, Schriesheim, pp.116-133. [7201]

Aubrey, Lisa (2001): Gender, development and democratization in Africa, in: Journal of African and Asian Studies, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 87-111. [7202]

Bauer, Gretchen / Darkwah, Akosua K. (2021): "The President’s prerogative”? The Cabinet appointment process in Ghana and the implications for gender parity. in: Politics & Gender, pp. 1-28. [12171]

Boateng, A.R. et al. (2003): Psychosocial barriers to female leadership: Motivational gravity in Ghana and Tanzania, in: Psychology and Developing Societies, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 201-222. [7203]

Brydon, Lynne (1996): Women chiefs and power in the Volta Region of Ghana, in: Journal of Legal Pluralism, no. 37/38, pp. 227-239. [7204]

Cole, Jane (1978): Ghana National Council on Women and Development (GNCWD), in: Mazumdar, Nina (ed.): Role of rural women in development, Bombay, pp. 70-77. [7205]

Denzer, LaRay (2005): Gender and decolonization: A study of three women in West Africa public life, in: Cornwall, Andrea (ed.): Readings in gender in Africa, James Currey, Oxford, pp. 217-224. [7206]

Dolphyne, Florence Abena (1987): The Ghana National Council on women and development: An example of concerted action, in: Oppong, Christine (ed.): Sex roles, population and development in West Africa: Policy related studies on work and demographic issues, Heinemann Publications, Portsmouth, pp. 213-220. [7207]

Gadzekpo, Audrey (2001): Ghanaian women and environmental policy, in: Journal of African Policy Studies, vol. 7, no. 2-3, pp. 29-44. [7208]

Gadzekpo, Audrey (2004): Gender, bureaucracy, and development in Ghana: An examination of the civil service, in: Social Development Issues, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 51-63. [7209]

Madsen, Diana (ed.) (2020): Gendered institutions and women’s political representation in Africa, Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala / Zed Book, London. [7212]

Madsen, Diana Hojlund (2019): Women’s political representation and affirmative action in Ghana, Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala. [7210]

Madsen, Diana Hojlund (2020): Gender, politics and transformation in Ghana, The role of critical actors, in: Fallaci, E. (ed.): Women, opportunities and challenges, Nova Science Publishers, New York. [11650]

Madsen, Diana Hojlund (2019): Gender, power and institutional change, The role of formal and informal institutions in promoting women’s political representation in Ghana, in: Journal of Asian and African Studies, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 70-87. [11651]

Madsen, Diana Hojlund / Aning, Kwesi / Hallberg Adu, Kajsa (2020): A step forward but no gurantee of gender friendly policies, Female candidates spark hope in the 2020 Ghanaian elections, Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala. [7211]

Manuh, Takyiwaa (1995): Women, state and society under the PNDC, in: Bedu-Addo, Jerry (ed.): Women’s studies with a focus on Ghana, Selected readings, Books on African Studies, Schriesheim, pp. 116-133. (and published in: Gyimah-Boadi, E. (ed.): Ghana under PNDC rule, CODESRIA, Dakar, 1995, pp. 176-195). [7213]

Mensah-Kutin, Rose et al. (2000): The National Machinery for Women in Ghana, An NGO evaluation, Third World Network Africa, Accra. [7214]

Okonjo, Kamene (1994): Ghana, Women and the evolution of a Ghanaian political synthesis, Chowdhury, Najma / Nelson, Barbara (eds.): Women and politics worldwid, Yale University Press, New Haven, pp. 285-297. [7215]

Opare, James Adu (2005): Engaging women in community decision-making processes in rural Ghana: Problems and prospects, in: Development in Practice, vol. 15, pp. 90-99. [7216]

Steady, Filomina Chioma (ed.) (1985): The black woman cross-culturally, Cambridge Mass. [12352]

Tsikata, Edzodzinam (1995): Women’s political organisations 1951-1987, in: Bedu-Addo, Jerry (ed.): Women’s studies with a focus on Ghana, Selected readings, Books on African Studies, Schriesheim, pp.156-172. (and published in: Gyimah-Boadi, E. (ed.): Ghana under PNDC rule, CODESRIA, Dakar, 1995, pp. 73-93). [7217]

Tsikata, Edzodzinam (1997): Gender equality and the state in Ghana, Some issues of policy and practice, in: Imam, Ayesha / Mama, Amina / Souw, Fatou (eds.): Engendering African social sciences, CODESRIA Books, Dakar, pp. 381-411. [7218]

Tsikata, Edzodzinam (ed.) (2001): Gender training in Ghana, Politics, issues and tools, Woeli Publications, Accra. [7219]


Guinea

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Guinea Bisseau

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Ivory Coast

Adams, Monni (Marie-Jeanne) (1991): Formal public titles for We/Guere women Cote d'Ivoire, in: Anthropos, vol. 86, no. 4/6, pp. 463-485. [7220]

Bassett, Thomas (2002): Women's cotton and the spaces of gender politics in Northern Cote d'Ivoire, in: Gender, Place and Culture, vol. 9, pp. 351-370. [7221]

Dei, Carlene (1997): Women and grassroots politics in Abidjan, Cote d’ Ivoire, in: Mikell, Gwendolyn (ed.): African feminism, The politics of survival in Sub-Saharan Africa, Philadelphia University Press, Philadelphia, pp. 206-231. [7222]


Kenya

Allen, Chris (1991): Gender, participation, and radicalism in African nationalism, Its contemporary significance, in: Cohen, Robin / Goulbourne, Harry (eds.): Democracy and socialism in Africa, Westview Press, Boulder, pp. 199-215. [7223]

Apt, Nana Araba / Agyemang-Mensah, Nana / Grieco, Margaret (eds.) (1998): Maintaining the momentum of Beijing, The contributions of African gender NGO’s, Ashagte Publishers, Aldershot. [12361]

Chikwendu, Eudora (2009): Wangari Maathai: Nobel laureate, environmentalist, and engagement with the Kenyan state, in: Korieh, Chima / Okeke-Ihejirika, Philomina (eds.): Gendering global transformations, Gender, culture, race, and identity, Routledge, London, pp. 29-44. [7224]

Heinrich-Boell-Foundation (2001): Gender gaps in our constitutions, Women`s concern in selected African countries, Heinrich Boell Foundation, Nairobi. [7225]

House-Midamba, Bessie (1990): The United Nations Decade, Political empowerment or increased marginalisation for Kenyan women, in: Africa Today, no. 1, pp. 37-48. [7226]

House-Midamba, Bessie (1996): Gender, democratisation and associational life in Kenya, in: Africa Today, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 289-306. (and in: Young, Tom (ed.): Readings in African politics, James Currey, Oxford, 2003). [7227]

Kabira, Mukabi Wanjiku (2012): Time for harvest, Women and constitution making in Kenya, University of Nairobi Press, Nairobi. [7228]

Kilimo, Mirian Jerotich (2022): You can’t do politics without money’: Female politicians, matronage, and the limits of gender quotas in Kenya, in: Africa, vol. 92, no. 2, pp. 210-229 [12008]

Maathai, Wangari (1985): Kenya: The Green Belt Movement, in: IFDA Dossier, 49, pp. 3-12. [7229]

Maathai, Wangari (1995): Women, information, and the future: The women of Kenya and the Green Belt Movement, in: Brill, Alida (ed.): A rising public voice: Women in politics worldwide, Feminist Press at the City University of New York, New York, pp. 241-250. [7230]

Maathai, Wangari (2003): The Geen Belt Movement, Deep Books, London (Latern Books, New York 2004). [7231]

Mackenzie, Fiona (1986): Local initiatives and national Policy: Gender and agricultural change in Murang'a District, Kenya, in: Canadian Journal of African Studies, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 377-401. [7232]

Madsen, Diana (ed.) (2020): Gendered institutions and women’s political representation in Africa, Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala / Zed Book, London. [7233]

Maranga, Stella (2019): Moving through the policy window, Women in constitution making in Kenya, in: van Reisen, Mirjam / Mawere, Munyaradzi / Stokmans, Mia / Gebre-Egziabher Abraha, Kinfe (eds.): Roaming Africa, Migration, resilience and social protection, Laanga, Bamenda, pp. 557-576. [7234]

Mugo, M. (1975): The role of women in the struggle for freedem, in: Pala, Achola / Awori, Thelma / Krystall, Abigail (ed.): The participation of women in Kenya society, Kenya Literature Bureau, Nairobi, pp. 210-219. [7235]

Nzomo, Maria (1989): The impact of the women’s decade on policies, programs, and empowerment of women in Kenya, in: Issue, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 9-17. [7236]

Nzomo, Maria (1992): Beyond structural adjustment programs: Democracy, gender, equity, and development in Africa, with special reference to Kenya, Beyond structural adjustment in Africa, in: Nyang'oro, J.E. / Shaw, T.M. (eds.): The political economy of sustainable and democratic development, Praeger, New York, pp. 99-117. [7237]

Nzomo, Maria (1993): The gender dimensions of democratization in Kenya, in: Alternatives, vol. 61, pp. 61-73. [7238]

Nzomo, Maria (1994): Women in politics and public decision-making, in: Himmelstrand, Ulf (ed.): African perspectives on development, Controversies, dilemmas and openings, James Currey Publishers, London, pp. 203-217. [7239]

Nzomo, Maria (1994): Man-made political machinery in Kenya, Political space for women, in: Nelson, B.J./ Chowdhury, N. (eds.): Women and politics worldwide, Yale University Press, New Haven, pp. 416-435. [7240]

Nzomo, Maria (1997): Kenyan women in politics and public decision making, in: Mikell, Gwendolyn (eds.): African feminism, The politics of survival in Sub-Saharan Africa, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, pp. 282-256. [7241]

Nzomo, Maria (1998): Kenya, The women’s movement and democratic change, Villalón, Leonardo / Huxtable, Phillip (eds.): The African state at a critical juncture, Between disintegration and reconfiguration, Lynne Rienner Publishers, London, pp. 167-184. [7242]

Nzomo, Maria (1993): The gender dimension of democratization in Kenya, Some international linkages, in: Alternatives, 18, pp. 61-73. [11967]

Nzomo, Maria / Staudt, Kathleen (1994): Man made political machinery in Kenya, Political space for women? in: Nelson, B.J. / Chowdhury, N. (eds.): Women and politics world wide, New Haven, Yale University Press, pp. 415-435. [7243]

Ochwada, Hannington (1997): Politics and gender relations in Kenya, A historical perspective, in: Africa Development, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 123-139. [7244]

Okech, Awino (2013): Gendered security: Between ethno-nationalism and constitution making in Kenya, in: Olonisakin, ‘Funmi, Hendricks, Cheryl and Okech, Awino (eds), 2013. Africa Peace and Conflict Journal. [12206]

Okech, Awino (2019): Gender and state-building conversations: the discursive production of gender identity in Kenya and Rwanda, in: Journal Conflict, Security and Development, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 501-515. [12209]

Okech, Awino (2023): Feminist Protest Action in Kenya: Lessons and Directions, in: Politics and Gender, pp. 1-5. [12232]

Okech, Awino (ed). (2020): Gender Protests and Political Change in Africa. Palgrave Macmillan, London. [12208]

Sabar-Friedman, Galia (1995): „Politics“ and „power“ in the Kenyan public discourse and recent events: The church of the Province of Kenya, in: Canadian Journal of African Studies, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 429-453. [7245]

Sahle, Eunice Njeri (1998): Women and political participation in Kenya, Evaluating the interplay of gender, ethnicity, class and state, in: Mbaku, John (ed.): Multiparty democracy and political change, Ashgate Publishers, Aldershot, pp. 171-183. [7246]

Stamp, Patricia (1991): Burying Otieno: The politics of gender and ethnicity in Kenya, in: Signs, Journal of Women in Culture and Society, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 808-845. [7247]

Stamp, Patricia (1995): Mothers of invention, Women’s agency in the Kenyan state, in: Gardiner, J.K. (ed.): Provoking agents, Gender and theory in practice, University of Illinois Press, Urbana, pp. 69-92. [7248]

Staudt, Kathleen A. (1978): Administrative resources, political patrons, and redressing sex inequalities, The case from Western Kenya, in: The Journal of Developing Areas, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 399-314. [7249]

Staudt, Kathleen A. (1978): Rural women leaders, Late colonial and contemporary contexts, in: Rural Africana, no. 2, pp. 5-21. [7250]

Staudt, Kathleen A. (1982): The Umoja Federation, The cooptation into a local power structure, in: Western Political Quarterly, 33, 2, pp. 278-290. [7251]

Thomas, Lynn (2003): Politics of the womb - Women, reproduction and the state in Kenya, University of California Press, Berkeley. [7252]

Thomas-Slayter, Barbara (1992): Politics, class, and gender in African resource management, The case of rural Kenya, in: Economic Development and Cultural Change, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 809-828. [7253]

Thomas-Slayter, Barbara (1997): Gender, resources, local institutions: New identities for Kenya's rural women, in: Collins, Robert O. (ed.): Problems in the history of modern Africa, Markus Wiener Publishers, New Yersey. [7254]


Lesotho

Makoa, Francis (1997): Gender and politics: A note om gender equality in Lesotho, in: Journal of Social Development in Africa, vol. 12, pp. 5-14 [7257]

Morna, Coleen Lowe / Tolmay, Susan (2007): At the coalface, Gender and local government in Southern Africa, Gender Links, Johannesburg. [7258]

Sweetman, Caroline (2001): ‘Sitting on a rock’, Men, socio-economic change, and development policy in Lesotho, in: Sweetman, Caroline (ed.): Men’s involvement in gender and development policy and practice, Beyond rhetoric, Oxfam Publications, Oxford, pp. 71-79. [7259]

Viljoen, Frans / Nsibirwa, Martin (2006): Political participation of women in Lesotho, in: Comparative and International Law Journal, vol 39, no. 2, pp. 351- 360. [7260]


Liberia

Anda, Michael (2000): Women and development: Correlates of political participation in Liberia, in: Scandinavian Journal of Development Alternatives and Area Studies, vol. 20, pp. 99-129. [7255]

Burrowes, Carl (2004): Political emergence of women, in: Burrowes, Carl: Power and Press Freedom in Liberia, 1830-1970: The Impact of Globalization and Civil Society on Media-Government Relations, Africa World Press, Trenton. [7256]

Moran, Mary (2012): Our mothers have spoken: Synthesizing old and new forms of women´s political authority in Liberia, in: Journal of International Women´s Studies 13(4). [12109]

USAID / Visionary Young Women in Leadership /NDI (2018): Women’s Empowerment in Liberia, Monrovia/Washington D.C. [12111]


Madagascar

Ramamonjisoa, Suzy (1993): Empowerment of women and democracy in Madagascar, in: Review of African Political Economy, vol. 58, pp. 118-122. [7261]


Malawi

Amundsen, Inge / Kayuni, Happy (eds.) (2016): Women in politics in Malawi, CMI, Chr. Michelsen Institute/Department of Political and Administrative Studies, Bergen/Zomba. [7262]

Chaikapa, Tyesere Mercy (2016): The Joyce Banda effect, Public opinion and voting behaviour in Malawi, CMI Brief, 15, 6, Chr. Michelsen Institute, Bergen. [7264]

Chasukwa, Michael (2016): The gender machinery – Women in Malawi’s central government administration, CMI Brief, Chr. Michelsen Institute, Bergen. [7263]

Chirwa, Vera (2008): Fearless fighter, An autobiography, Zed Books, London. [7265]

Chiweza, Asiyati / Wang, Vibeke / Maganga, Ann (2016): Acting jointly on behalf of women? The cross-party women’s caucus in Malawi, CMI Brief, 15, 8, Chr. Michelsen Institute, Bergen. [7266]

Dulani, Boniface / Rakner, Lise / Benstead, Lindsay / Wang, Vibeke (2021): Do women face a different standard? The interplay of gender and corruption in the 2014 presidential elections in Malawi, in: Women’s Studies International Forum, vol. 88. [11619]

Gilman, Lisa (2001): Purchasing praise: Women, dancing, and patronage in Malawi party politics, in: Africa Today, vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 43-64. [7267]

Gilman, Lisa (2004): The traditionalization of women's dancing: Hegemony and politics in Malawi, in: Journal of Folklore Research, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 33-60. [7268]

Gilman, Lisa (2009): The dance of politics, Gender, performance, and democratization in Malawi, Temple Press, Philadelophia. [7269]

Gilman, Lisa (2017): Dancing for our mothers, Performance, maternalism, and Jocye Banda’s brief presidency in Malawi, in: Africa Today, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 28-52. [7270]

Hirschman, David (1985): Bureaucracy and rural women: Illustrations from Malawi, in: Rural Africana, no. 21, pp. 51-63. [7271]

Hirschman, David (1985): Women`s participation in Malawi`s local councils and district development commitees, Working Paper no. 98, Women in International Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing. [7272]

Hirschman, David (1990): The Malawi case. Enclave politics, core resistance and ‘Nkhoswe no. 1’, in: Staudt, Kathleen (ed.): Women, the Development and politics, The bureaucratic mire, Temple University Press, Philadelphia, pp. 163-179. [7273]

Kamlongera, Alinane Priscilla (2008): Malawian women's participation in state politics: What are the constraints? in: Gender and Development, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 471-480. [7274]

Kayuni, Happy Mickson / Chikadza, Kondwani Farai (2016): The gatekeepers, Political participartion of women in Malawi, CMI Brief 15, 12, Chr. Michelsen Institute, Bergen. [7275]

Lora-Kayambazinthu, Edrinnie / Kalilombe Shame, Edith (2016): Different yardstick, The gendered political discourse in Malawi, CMI Brief 15, 4, Chr. Michelsen Institute, Bergen. [7276]

Malindi, Grace (1995): Participation of rural women in Malawi national rural development program, in: James, Valentine Udoh (ed.): Women and sustainable development in Africa, Preager Publishers, Westport, pp. 113-133. [7280]

Maluwa-Banda, Dixie (2004): Gender sensitive education policy and practice, The case of Malawi, in: In Prospects, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 71-84. [7277]

Mandala, Elias (1984): Capitalism, kinship and gender in the Lower Shire Valley of Malawi, 1860-1960, An alternative theoretical framework, in: African Economic History, vol. 13, pp. 137-169. [7281]

Mayuyuka Kauna, Jonathan (1990): Agricultural credit policy, Bureaucratic decision-making and the subordination of rural women in the development process: Some observations on the Kawinga Project, Malawi, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 413-430. [7278]

Mkamanga, Emily (2000): Suffering in silence, Malawi women’s thirty year dance with Dr. Banda, Dudu Nsomba Publications, Blantyre. [7279]

Morna, Coleen Lowe / Tolmay, Susan (2007): At the coalface, Gender and local government in Southern Africa, Gender Links, Johannesburg. [7282]

Msungu, Edina (1993): Women on the Tea and Tobacco Estates of Thyolo District, 1923-1953, paper no. 5, History Department, University of Malawi, Blantyre. [7283]

Ngulube-Chinoko, P. (1995): The experience of women under the one-party state and in the political transition, in: Nzunda, Matembo S. / Ross, Kenneth (eds.): Church, law and politicial transition in Malawi, 1992-1994, Mambo Press, Gweru, pp. 89-99. [7284]

Paul, Sabine (1997): NGOs and gender problems in Malawi, in: Glagow, Manfred (ed.): Non-Governmental organizations in Malawi: Their contribution to development and democratization, Lit-Verlag, Hamburg/Berlin. [7285]

Probst, Peter (1999): Mchape ‘95, or the sudden fame of Billy Goodson Chisupe: healing, social memory and the Enigma of the public sphere in Post-Banda Malawi, in: Africa, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 108-137. [7286]

Semu, Linda (2002): Kamuzu's Mbumba: Malawi women's embeddedness to culture in the face of international political pressure and internal legal change, in: Africa Today, vol. 49, pp. 77-100. [7287]

Southern African Research and Documentation Centre (1997): Beyond inequalities, SARDC Publications, Harare. [7288]

Spring, Anita (1988): Putting women on the development agenda: Agricultural development in Malawi, in: Brokensha, David W. / Little, Peter D. (eds): Anthropology of development and change in East Africa, Westview Press, Boulder, pp. 13-42 [7289]

Von Doepp, Peter (2002): Liberal visions and actual power in grassroots civil society: Local churches and women's empowerment in rural Malawi, in: Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 40, pp. 273-301. [7290]


Mali

De Jorio, Rosa (2001): Women's organizations, the ideology of kinship, and the state in post-independence Mali, in: Stone, Linda (ed.): New directions in anthropological kinship, Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Maryland. [7291]

Diarra, Abdramane (1986): Die politische Sozialisation der Frau in Mali, Rader Verlag, Aachen. [7292]

Fofana, Bintou (1991): Government policy for the promotion of women in Mali, in: Braunmuhl, Claudia v. (ed.): International conference, Women in the development process, German Foundation for International Development, Deutsche Stiftung für Entwicklung, Berlin. [7293]

Schulz, Dorothea (2003): Political factions, Ideological fictions: The controversy over family law reform in democratic Mali, in: Islamic Law and Society, vol. 10, no.1, pp. 132-164. [7294]

Soumare, Hawa (2000): Femmes rurale et décentralisation au Mali, Quelles perspectives d’avenir? in: Recht in Afrika, pp. 57-70. [7295]

Zobel, Clemens (2002): Clients or Critics? Politics, griots and gender in postcolonial Mali, in: Mande Studies, vol. 4, pp. 45-64. [7296]


Mauritius

Ramtohul, Ramola (2014): Globalisation and gendered citizenship: The Mauritian Scenario, in: Laroussi, Amri / Ramtohu, R. (eds.): Gender and Citizenship in the Global Age. CODESRIA, Dakar. [12238]


Mozambique

Bauer, Gretchen (2006): Loosing ground without mandatory quotas, in: Bauer, Gretchen / Britton, Hannah (eds.): Women in African parliament, Lynne Rienner, Boulder. [7303]

Becker, Heike (1992): Zwischen Parteipolitik und Autonomie, Erfahrungen der namibischen Frauenbewegung, in: Peripherie, Nr. 47/48, pp. 49-73. [7304]

Becker, Heike (1995): Namibian women’s movement 1980-1992, Form anti-colonial resistance to reconciliation, IKO-Verlag, Frankfurt. [7305]

Becker, Heike (2001): „We want women to be given an equal chance“, Post independence rural politics in Northern Namibia, in: Meredeth, Sheila / Pillay, Anu / Turshen, Meredeth (eds.): The aftermath, Women in post-conflict transformation, Zed Books, London, pp. 225-242. [7306]

Disney, J.L. (2006): Mozambique, empowering women through family law, in: Bauer, Gretchen / Britton, Hannah (eds.): Women in African parliament, Lynne Rienner, Boulder. [7297]

Frank, Liz / Khaxas, Elizabeth (2004): A case study of the 50/50 campaign in Namibia, Focusing on women’s grass-roots participation, in: Valk, Minke (ed.): Gender, citizenship and subject, Kit-Publishers, Amsterdam, pp. 61-73. [7307]

Jacobson, Ruth (1995): Women’s political participation, Mozambique’s democratic transition, in: Gender and Development, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 29-36. [7298]

Karberg, Sindy (2015): Female political empowerment, FES, Maputo/Berlin. [11579]

Kruks, Sonya / Wisner, Ben (1984): The state, the party and female peasantry in Mozambique, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 11, pp. 106-127. [7299]

Kruks, Sonya / Wisner, Ben (1989): Ambigious transformations: Women, politics and production in Mozambique, in: Kruks, Sonya / Rapp, Rayna Youns, Marilyn (eds.): Promissory notes: Women in the transition to socialism, New York, Monthly Review Press. [7300]

Lideke, William / Wanzala, Winnie (1994): Regional elections in Namibia, Deeping democracy and gender inclusion, in: Africa Today, 3, pp. 5-14. [7308]

Lorch, Jasmin / Bunk, Bettina (2016): Gender politics, authoritarian regime resilience, and the role of civil society in Algeria and Mozambique GIGA - German Institute of Global and Area Studies, Working Paper No. 292, Hamburg. [11580]

Morna, Coleen Lowe / Tolmay, Susan (2007): At the coalface, Gender and local government in Southern Africa, Gender Links, Johannesburg. [7309]

Sheldon, Kathleen (1994): Women and revolution in Mozambique, a luta continua, in: Tétreault, Mary Ann (ed.): Women and revolution in Africa, Asia and the new world, University of California Press, Berkeley, pp. 33-61. [7301]

Wanzala, Winnie (1994): Regional elections in Namibia, Deepening democracy and gender inclusion, in: Africa Today, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 5-14. [7310]

Wanzala, Winnie (1995): Women and elections in Namibia after five years of independence, in: Southern African Feminist Review, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 49-59. [7311]


Namibia

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Niger

Cooper, Barbara (1995): The politics of difference and women's associations in Niger: Of "prostitutes", the public and politics, in: Signs, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 851-882. und in: Hodgson, Dorothy / McCurdy, Sheryl (eds.): „Wicked“ women and the reconfiguration of gender, James Currey, Oxford, pp. 255-273. (Heinemann, Portmouth 1997) [7312]

Villalon, Leonardo A. (1996): The moral and the political in African democratization: The code de la famille in Niger's troubled transition, in: Democratization, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 41-68. [7313]


Nigeria

Abdullah, Hussaina (1993): Transitional politics and the challenge of gender in Nigeria, in: Review of African Political Economy, no. 56, pp. 27-37. [7314]

Abdullah, Hussaina (1995): Wifeism and activism: the Nigerian women’s movement, in: Basu, Amrita (ed.): Women’s movement in global perspective, Boulder, Westview Press, pp. 209-225. [7315]

Abdullah, Hussaina (1997): Multiple identities and multiple organizing strategies of female wage workers in Kano’s manufacturing sector, in: Rosander, Eva Evres (ed.): Tranforming female identities, Women`s organisational forms in West Africa, Publications of the Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala, pp. 54-68. [7316]

Abdullah, Hussaina (2002): Religious revivalism, human rights activism and the struggle for women's rights in Nigeria, in: Na'im, Abd A.A. (ed.): Cultural transformation and human rights in Africa, Zed Books, London, pp. 151-191. [7317]

Abdullah, Hussaina (2007): Women as emergent actors A survey of new women’s organizations in Nigeria since the 1990s, in: Cole, Catherine / Manuh, Takyiwaa / Miescher, Stephan (eds.): Africa after gender? Indiana Unviersity Press, Bloomington, pp. 150-167. [7318]

Aina, O.I. (1993): Mobilizing Nigerian women for national development: The role of the female elites, in: African Economic History, vol. 21, pp. 1-20. [7319]

Alliances for Africa (2005): Consolidated report on the women in governance and decision-making initiative in Imo State, Nigeria, unpublished study, Alliances for Africa, London/Lagos. [7320]

Amadiume, Ifi (1996): Beyond cultural performance, Women, culture and the state in contemporary Nigerian politics, in: Parkin, David / Caplan, Lionel / Fisher, Humphrey (eds.): The politics of cultural performance, Provinence Books, Berghahn, pp. 41-59. [7321]

Apt, Nana Araba / Agyemang-Mensah, Nana / Grieco, Margaret (eds.) (1998): Maintaining the momentum of Beijing, The contributions of African gender NGO’s, Ashagte Publishers, Aldershot. [12362]

Awe, Bonlande (1992): Women and politics in Nigeria, in: Hofmeier, R. / Tetzlaff, R. / Wegemud, R. (Hrsg.): Afrika - Überleben in einer ökologisch gefährdeten Umwelt, Hamburg, pp. 209-221. [7322]

Ayoade, J.A.A. /and Nwabuzor, E.J. / Sambo, A. (eds.) (1991): Women and politics in Nigeria, Malthouse Press, Lagos. [7323]

Babatope, Biola (1987): Women of our society with emphasis on economic and political problems facing women in Southern Nigeria, in: Presence Africaine, 141, pp. 15-27. [7324]

Barber, Karin (1996): Going to far in Okukù, Some ideas about gender, excess, and political power, in: Reh, Mechthild / Ludwar-Ene, Gudrun (eds.): Gender and identity in Africa, Münster - Hamburg, pp. 71-83. [7325]

Bogunjoko, Julius O. (1991): Poverty and women development strategies: Lessons from policy targeting and public transfers in Nigeria, in: Nigerian Journal of Economic and Social Studies, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 105-123. [7326]

Callaway, Barbara (1987): Women and political participation in Kano City, in: Comparative Politics, vol. 19, pp. 379-393. [7327]

Callaway, Barbara (1988): Contrasting socialization of Igbo and Hausa women and political efficacy, in: Women and Politics, vol. 8, pp. 45-68. [7328]

Callaway, Barbara / Creevey, Lucy (1984): The heritage of Islam: Women, religion and politics in West Africa, Lynne Rienner, Boulder. [7329]

Callaway, Barbara / Creevey, Lucy (1989): Women and state in Islamic West Africa, in: Charlton, Ellen et al. (eds.): Women, state and development, Suny Press, St. Albany, pp. 96-113. [7330]

Callaway, Barbara / Creevey, Lucy (1994): Islam – Women, religion and politics in West Africa, Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder. [7331]

Coulon, Virginia (1990): Women at war, Nigerian women writers and the civil war, in: Commonwealth, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1-12. [7332]

Dennis, Carolyne (1987): Women and the state in Nigeria: The case of the Federal Military Government 1984-85, in: Haleh, Afshar (ed.): Women, state and ideology, Suny Press, London, pp. 13-27. [7334]

Denzer, La Ray (1989): Women in government service in colonial Nigeria, 1862-1945, Working Papers, no. 136, African Studies Centre, Boston. [7333]

Eames, Elizabeth (1988): Why women went to war, Women and wealth in Ondo town, Southwestern Nigeria, in. Clark, Garcia (ed.): Traders versus state, Anthropological approaches to unofficial economics, Boulder, Westview Press, pp. 81-97. [7335]

Ebijuwa, Temisanren (1993): Abortion, women and the national development, The Nigerian example, in: Ahfad Journal, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 33-55. [7336]

Ekejuiba, Felicia (1993): Women’s participation in democratization process in Nigeria, Working Paper, no. 163, African Studies Centre, Boston University, Boston. [7337]

Elabor-Idemudia, Patience (1991): The impact of structural adjustment programs on women and their households in Bendel and Ogun State, Nigeria, in: Gladwin, Christina (ed.): Structural adjustment and African women farmers, University of Florida Press, Gainesville, pp. 128-139. [7338]

Emovon, Adesuwa (1997): Women of power, A study of market women`s associations in Benin City, Bendel State, Nigeria, in: Kaplan, Flora Edouwaye (ed.): Queens, Queen Mothers, Priestresses, and power, Case studies in African gender, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, New York, pp. 203-214. [7339]

Fardon, Richard (1984): Sisters, wives, wards and daughters, A transformational analysis of the political organisation of the Tiv and their neighbours, in: Africa, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 2-21. [7340]

Gabriel, Amakievi (1994): A better life program for rural women in a developing nation, in: James, Valentine Udho (ed.): Environmental and economic dilemmas of developing countries, Africa in the twenty-first century, Praeger Publishers, Westport, pp. 197-215. [7341]

Gilman, Lisa (2011): The dance of politics, Gender, performance, and democratization in Malawi, Temple Press, Philadelophia. [7342]

Hanna, J.L. (1990): Dance, protest and women’s wars: Cases from Nigeria and the United States, in: West, G. / Blumberg, R.L. (eds.): Women and social protest, Oxford University Press, New York - Oxford, pp. 333-345. [7343]

Ibeanu, Okechekwu (2001): Healing and changing, The changing identities of women in the aftermath of the Ogoni crisis in Nigeria, in: Meintjes, Sheila / Pillay, Anu / Turshen, Meredeth (eds.): The aftermath, Women in post-conflict transformation, Zed Books, London, pp. 189-209. [7344]

Ibrahim, Jibrin (2004): First lady syndrome and the marginalisation of women from power, Opportunities or compromises for gender equality? in: Feminist Africa, 3, pp. 48-69. [7345]

Ikelegbe, Augustine (2005): Engendering civil society, Oil, women`s groups and resource conflicts in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, in: Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 241-270. [7346]

Ilesanmi, T.M. (1998): The significance of the myths of women in socio-political role sharing among Yoruba people, in: Kolawole, Mary E.M. (ed.): Gender perceptions and development in Africa, Arrabon Academic Publishers, Lagos. [7352]

Imam, Ayesha (1993): Women should neither be seen nor heard? Politics, Islam and women in Kano, Northern Nigeria, in: Moghadam, Valentine (ed.): Identity politics and women, cultural reassertions and feminism in international perspective, Boulder, pp.123-144. [7347]

Imam, Ayesha (1994): Politics, Islam and women in Kano, Northern Nigeria, in: Moghadam, Valentine (ed.): Identity politics and women, Cultural reassertions and feminism in international perspective, Boulder, Westview Press, pp. 123-143. [7348]

Imam, Ayesha (1997): The dynamics of WINing: An analysis of women in Nigeria (WIN), in: Alexander, Jacqui M. / Mohnaty, Chandra Talpade (eds.): Feminist genealogies, colonial legacies, democratic futures, New York, pp. 280-307. [7349]

Imam, Ayesha (1997): `Il wan bi President...: Gender politics and discourses of democracy in Nigeria, in: Robinson, Pearl / Newbery, Catherine / Diouf, Mamadou (eds.): Transitions in Africa, Oxford University Press, Oxford. [7350]

Imam, Ayesha (1997): Muslim women in Nigerian politics, in: Islamic Quarterly, vol. 41, no. 1. [7351]

James, Valentine Udoh / Etim, James (eds.) (1999): The feminisation of development processes in Africa, Current and future perspectives, Praeger Publishers, London. [12364]

Johnson, Christiana (2003): Nigeria: Illegal logging & forest women’s resistance, in: Review of African Political Economy, vol. 30, no. 95, pp. 156-162. [7353]

Jordan Smith, Daniel (2005): Legacies of Biafra, Marriage, ‘home people’ and reproduction among the Igbo of Nigeria, in: Africa, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 30-45. [7354]

Mama, Amina (1995): Feminism or femocracy? State feminism and democratisation in Nigeria, in: Africa Development, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 37-58. [7355]

Mama, Amina (1998): Khaki in the family, Gender discourses and militarism in Nigeria, in: African Studies Review, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 1-18. [7356]

Mba, Nina Emma (1982): Nigerian women mobilized, women political activity in Southern Nigeria, 1900-1965, University of California Press, Berkeley. [7357]

Mba, Nina Emma (1990): Kaba and Khaki, Women and the militarized state in Nigeria, in: Parpart, Jane / Staudt, Kathleen (eds.): Women and the state in Africa, Lynne Reinner, Boulder, pp. 69-90. [7358]

Nna, Nkebari (2005): Gender and political disempowerment of women in Rivers State, Case study of Port Harcourt Local Government Area, in: Gender and Behaviour, vol. 3, pp. 423-441. [7359]

Nnaemeka, Obioma (1997): Fighting on all fronts: Gendered spaces, ethnic boundaries, and the Nigerian civil war, in: Dialectical Anthropology, vol. 22, pp. 235-263. [7360]

Nnaemeka, Obioma / Korieh, Chima (2011): Shaping our struggles, Nigerian women in history, culture and social change, Africa World Press, Trenton. [7361]

Nwapa, Flora (1987): Women in politics, in: Présence Africaine, Nr. 141, pp. 115-121. [7362]

Nzegwu, Nkiru (1995): Recovering Igbo traditions: A case for indigenous women’s organizations in development, in: Nussbaum, Martin / Glover, Jonathan (eds.): Women, culture and development, Claredon Press, Oxford, pp. 444-465. [7363]

Nzegwu, Nkiru (2001): Gender equality in a dual-sex system: The case of Onitsha, in: Jenda: A Journal of Culture and African Women Studies, vol. 1 [7364]

Ogonor, B.O. (2003): The impact of training on the conflict resolution ability of rural women in the Niger Delta, Nigeria, in: International Journal of Lifelong Education, vol. 22, pp. 172-181. [7365]

Okech, Awino (2021): Governing Gender: Violent Extremism in Northern Nigeria, in: Africa Development, 46, 3, pp 1-19. [12212]

Okeke, Philomena (1999): The first lady syndrome, The (en)gendering of bureaucratic corruption in Nigeria, in: CODESRIA Bulletin, vol. 3-4, pp. 16-19. [7366]

Okeke-Ihejirika, Philomina / Franceschet, Susan (2002): Democratization and state feminism, Gendered politics in Africa and Latin America, in: Development and Change, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 439-466. [7367]

Okonjo, Kamene (1976): The dual sex political system in operation: Igbo women and community politics in Midwestern Nigeria, in: Hafkin, Nancy /Bay, Edna (eds.): Women in Africa, Stanford University Press, Stanford, pp. 45-48. [7368]

Okonjo, Kamene (1983): Sex roles in Nigerian politics, in: Oppong, Christine (ed.): Female and male in West Africa, George Allen and Unwin, Boston, pp. 211-222. [7369]

Okonjo, Kamene (1985): Women's political participation in Nigeria, in: Steady, F.Ch. (ed.): Black women cross-culturally, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (Mass.), pp. 79-106. [7370]

Okonjo, Kamene (1991): Nigerian women's participation in national politics: legitimacy and stability in an era of transition / - East Lansing: Michigan State University (WID working papers, 221). [7371]

Okonjo, Kamene (1994): Reversing the marginalization of invisible and silent majority: Women in politics in Nigeria, in: Nelson, B. / Chowdhury, N. (eds.): Women and politics worldwide, Yale University Press, New Haven, pp. 285-297. [7372]

Okonkwo, Amaechi (2016): Gender and corruption in Nigerian politics, in: African Sociological Review, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 111-146. [7373]

Osinulu, Clara / Mba, Nina (ed.) (1998): Nigerian women in politics, 1986-1993, Malthouse Publishers, New York. [7375]

Osiruemu, Edith (2003): The feminisation of poverty and its alleviation in Nigeria, An appraisal of some government programmes, in: Humanities Review Journal, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 58-72. [7374]

Pereira, Charmaine (2005): Domesticating women? Gender, religion and the state in Nigeria under colonial military rule, in: African Identities, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 69-94. [7376]

Shettima, Kole Ahmed (1983): Women’s movement and visions in Africa development, The Nigeria Labour Congress Women’s Wing, in: Oppong, Christine (ed.): Male and female in West Africa, George Allen and Unwin, London. (und in: Africa Development, vol. 14, no. 3, 1989, pp. 81-98) [7377]

Shettima, Kole Ahmed (1995): Engendering Nigeria’s Third Republic, in: African Studies Review, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 61-98. [7378]

Soetan, Funmi (1993): Mobilizing Nigerian women for national development, The role of female elites, in: African Economic History, vol. 21, pp. 1-20. [7379]

Steady, Filomina Chioma (ed.) (1985): The black woman cross-culturally, Cambridge Mass. [12353]

Tinuoye, M.O. (1992): The political emancipation of Nigerian women from independence to the year 2000, in: Savanna, vol. 13, no. 1 pp. 67-72. [7380]

Turner, Terisa / Oshare, M.O. (1993): Women’s uprising agrainst the Nigerian oil industry in the 1990s, in: Canadian Journal of Development Studies, vol. XIV, no. 3, pp. 329-357. [7381]

Turner, Terisa / Oshare, M.O. (1994): Women’s uprising agrainst the Nigerian oil industry in the 1980s, in: Turner, Terisa (ed.): Arise y mighty people! Gender, class and race in popular struggle, Africa World Press, Trenton, pp. 123-160. [7382]

Uchendu, Egodi Turner, Terisa / Oshare, M.O. (2007): Women and conflict in Nigerian civil war, Africa World Press, Trenton. [7383]

Williams, Pat (1997): State, women and democratisation in Africa: The Nigerian experience (1987-1993), in: Africa Development, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 141-182. [7384]

Williams, Pat (1998): Religious fundamentalism and women's political behaviour in Nigeria, in: Islamic Quarterly, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 68-82. [7385]

Williams, Pat (2003): Federalism and the woman question in Nigeria: From submission to diversion, in: Gana, Aaron / Egwu, Samuel (eds.): Federalism in Africa, vol. 2, Africa World Press, Trenton. [7386]

WIN (1985): Women in Nigeria today, Zed Books, London. [7387]


Rwanda

Burnet, Jennie (2008): Gender balance and the meanings of women in governance in Post-Genocide Rwanda, in: African Affairs, vol. 107, no. 428, pp. 361-386. [7395]

Burnet, Jennie (2011): Women have found respect, Gender quotas, symbolic representation and female empowerment in Rwanda, in: Politics and Gender, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 303-334. [7396]

Hogg, L.C. (2009): Women’s political represenation in post-conflict Rwanda, A politics of inclusion or exclusion? in: Journal of Women’s Studies, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 34-55. [7397]

Okech, Awino (2019): Gender and state-building conversations: the discursive production of gender identity in Kenya and Rwanda, in: Journal Conflict, Security and Development, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 501-515. [12210]


Senegal

Fall, Babacar (2001): Senegalese women in politics: A portrait of two female leaders, Arame Diène and Thioumbé Samb, 1945-1996, in: White, Luise / Miescher, Stephan F. / Cohen, David William (eds.): African words, African voices: Critical practices in oral history, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, pp. 214-223. [7398]

Patterson, Amy (2002): The impact of Senegal’s decentralization on women in local governance, in: Canadian Journal of African Studies, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 490-529. [7399]

Toraasen, Marianne (2019): Gender parity and the symbolic representation of women in Senegal, in: The Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 459-481. [11912]

Villalón, L.A. (1999): Generational changes, political stagnation, and the evolving dynamics of religion and political change in Senegal, in: Africa Today, 3, 4, pp. 129-147. [7400]


Sierra Leone

Abraham, A. (1974): Women chiefs in southern Sierra Leone, A rejoinder, in: Africana Research Bulletin, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 75-81. [7388]

Bledsoe, Caroline (1984): The political use of Sande ideology an symbolism, in: American Ethnologist, vol. 11, pp. 455-472. [7389]

Hoffer, Carol (1975): Bundu, Political implications of female solidarity in a secret society, in: Raphael, D. (ed.): Being female, Reproduction, power and change, Mouton, The Hague, pp. 155-173. [7390]

MacCormack, Carol (1975): Sande women and political power in Sierra Leone, in: West African Journal of Sociology and Political Sciences, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 42-50. [7391]

MacCormack, Carol (1982): Control of land, labour and capital in rural Southern Sierra Leone, in: Bay, Edna (ed.): Women and work in Africa, London, pp. 35-53. [7392]

Schroven, Anita (2006): Women after war, Gender mainstreaming and the social construction of identity in contemporary Sierra Leone, Lit-Verlag, Münster. [7393]

Steady, Filomina Chioma (2006): Women and collective action in Africa, Development, democratization, and empowerment with special focus on Sierra Leone, Palgrave Macmillan, New York. [7394]


Somalia

Heinrich-Boell-Foundation (2001): Gender gaps in our constitutions, Women`s concern in selected African countries, Heinrich Boell Foundation, Nairobi. [7401]

Merryman, N.H. (1996): Women’s welfare in the Jubba Valley, Somali socialism and after, in: Besteman, C. / Casanelli, L.V. (ed.): The struggle for land in southern Somalia: The war behind the war, Boulder, Westview Press, pp. 179-198. [7402]


South Africa

Adams, Ubanesia (2003): Gender equality promotion in the Provincial Administration of the Western Cape, Insights from the Western Cape Office on the Status for Women and Gender Focal Units, in: Politeia, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 25-38. [7403]

Albertyn, Catherine / Hassim, Shireen (2003): The boundaries of democracy, Gender, HIV and culture, in: Everatt, D. / Maphai, V. (ed.): The real state of the nation, South Africa after 1990, Johannesburg, pp. 137-164. [7404]

Beall, Jo / Hassim, Shireen / Todes, Alison (1989): ‘A bit on the side’? Gender struggles in the politics of transformation in South Africa, in: Feminist Review, vol. 33, pp. 30-56. [7405]

Britton, Hannah (2001): New struggles, new strategies, Emerging patterns of women’s political participation in the South African parliament, in: International Politics, no. 38, pp.173-200. [7406]

Britton, Hannah (2002): Coalition building, election rules, and party politics, South African women’s path to parliament, in: Africa Today, vol. 49, pp.33-67. [7407]

Britton, Hannah (2005): Women in the South African parliament, From resistance to governance, University of Illinois Press, Urbana / Illinois. [7408]

Britton, Hannah (2001): New struggles, new strategies, Emerging patterns of women’s political participation in the South African parliament, in: International Politics, no. 38, pp. 173-200. [7414]

Britton, Hannah (2002): Coalition building, election rules, and party politics, South African women’s path to parliament, in: Africa Today, vol. 49, pp. 33-67. [7415]

Britton, Hannah (2005): Women in the South African parliament, From resistance to governance, University of Illinois Press, Urbana / Illinois. [7416]

Britton, Hannah / Fish, Jennifer / Meintjes, Sheila (eds.) (2009): Women’s activism in South Africa, Working across divides, University of Kwa Zulu Natal Press, Scottsville. [7417]

Budlender, Debbie (1997): The women’s budget, in: Agenda, no. 33, pp.37-42. [7409]

Budlender, Debbie (1997): Women, gender and policy-making in the South African context, in: Development Southern Africa, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 513-530. [7410]

Budlender, Debbie (1998): Race and gender in local government employment, in: Development Southern Africa, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 679-688. [7411]

Budlender, Debbie (2000): The political economy of women’s budgets in the South, in: World Development, vol. 28, no. 7, pp. 1365-1378. [7412]

Bulman, Fiona / Ntombla-Nzimande, Phumelele (1998): Women and the political violence in KZN Midlands, An outsiders inside view - an Insiders outside view, (1984-1994), unpublished conference paper, Presented at the Conference on political violence in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands, 1984-1994, University of Natal, 28-30 January, 1998, Pietermaritzburg. [7413]

Byamyima, Winnie / Morna, Colleen Lowe et al. (2007): At the coalface, Gender and local government in Southern Africa, Gender Links, Johannesburg. [7418]

Charman, Andrew / de Swardt, Cobus / Simons, Mary (1991): The politics of gender, Negotiating liberation, in: Transformation, vol. 15, pp. 40-64. [7419]

Commission on Gender Equality (CGE) (1999): Women’s voters march to the polls, Publications of the Commission on Gender Equality, Johannesburg. [7424]

Commission on Gender Equality (CGE) (1998): The National Conference on witchcraft violence, 6.-10.9.1998, Publications of the Commission on Gender Equality, Johannesburg. [7420]

Commission on Gender Equality (CGE) (1998): Information and Evaluation Workshop, Western Cape Province, March 1998, Publications of the Commission on Gender Equality, Johannesburg. [7421]

Commission on Gender Equality (CGE) (1999): Review of the 1999 elections, A gender perspective, Publications of the Commission on Gender Equality, Johannesburg. [7422]

Commission on Gender Equality (CGE) (1999): Redefining politics, South African women and democracy, Publications of the Commission on Gender Equality, Johannesburg. [7423]

Connell, Dan (1998): Strategies for change, women and politics in Eritrea and South Africa, in: Review of African Political Economy, vol. 25, no. 76, pp. 189-206. (und in: Fox, Diana / Hasci, Naima (eds.): The challenges of women’s activism and human rights in Africa, Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston, pp. 214-248.) [7425]

Dobrowolsky, Alexandra Z. / Hart. Vivien (eds.) (2003): Women making constitutions, New politics and comparative perspectives, Palgrave Macmillan, New York/Basingstoke/Hampshire. [7426]

Fick, Glenda / Meintjes, Sheila / Simons, Mary (eds.) (2002): One woman, one vote, The gender politics of South African elections, Publications of the Electoral Institute of Southern Africa, Johannesburg. [7427]

Fish, Jennifer (2006): Engendering democracy, Domestic labour and coalition building in South Africa, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 107-128. [7428]

GAP - Gender Advocacy Programme (2000): Gender politics at local level, in: Agenda, no. 45, pp. 13-17. [7429]

Geisler, Gisela (2000): Parliament is another terrain of struggle, Women, men and politics in South Africa, in: Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 605-630. [7430]

Geisler, Gisela (2004): Women and the remaking of politics in Southern Africa, Publications of the Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala. [7431]

Goetz, Anne Marie (1998): Women in politics and gender equity on policy, South Africa and Uganda, in: Review of African Political Economy, vol. 25, no. 76, pp. 241-262. [7432]

Goetz, Anne Marie / Hassim, Shireen (eds.) (2003): No shortcuts to power, African women in politics and policy making, Zed Books, London. [7433]

Gouws, Amanda (1994): Women, civil society and citizenship, A reaction to Schreiner, in: Rhoodi, N. / Liebenberg, I. (eds.): Democratic nation building in South Africa, Publications of the Human Science Research Council, Pretoria, pp. 315-324. [7434]

Gouws, Amanda (1999): Beyond the equality and difference, The politics of women’s citizenship, in: Agenda, no. 40, pp. 54-65. [7435]

Gouws, Amanda (1999): The gender dimension of the 1999 election, in: Reynolds, Andrew (ed.): Elections ’99, South Africa – From Mandela to Mbeki, David Philip Publishers, Cape Town, pp. 159-172. [7436]

Gouws, Amanda (2003): Contesting democracy, HIV/AIDS and the achievements of gender equality in South Africa, in: Feminist Issues, vol. 29, pp. 955-975. [7437]

Gouws, Amanda (2005): (Un)thinking citizenship, Feminst debates in contemporary South Africa, Ashgate Publishers, Aldershot. [7438]

Gouws, Amanda (2008): Obstacles for women in leadership positions, in: Signs, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 21-26. [7439]

Gouws, Amanda (2008): Changing women’s exclusion from politics, Examples from Southern Africa, in: African and Asian Studies, vol. 7, pp. 537-563. [7440]

Gwagwa, Nolulamo (1991): The family in South Africa’s politics: Conceptualizing progressive change, in: Bazilli, Susan (ed.): Putting women on the agenda, Ravan Press, Johannesburg, pp. 124-133. [7441]

Gwagwa, Nolulamo (1991): Women in local government, Towards a future in South Africa, in. Environment and Urbanization, vol. 1, pp. 70-78. [7442]

Hassim, Shireen (1988): Reinforcing conservatism, An analysis of the politics of the Inkatha Women’s Brigade, in: Agenda, no. 2, pp. 3-17. [7443]

Hassim, Shireen (1990): Conservative politics and the construction of gender, paper presented at the ASSA Conference, Juli 1990, University of Stellenbosch, unpublished paper, Stellenbosch. [7444]

Hassim, Shireen (1990): Equality versus authority: Inkatha and the politics of gender in Natal, in: Politicon, vol. 17, no. 2. pp. 99-114. [7445]

Hassim, Shireen (1991): Gender, social location and feminist politics in South Africa, in: Transformations, no. 15, pp. 65-82. [7446]

Hassim, Shireen (1992): The gender agenda, Transforming the ANC, in: Southern Africa Report, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 13-17. [7447]

Hassim, Shireen (1993): Family, motherhood and Zulu nationalism: The politics of the Inkatha Women’s Brigade, in: Feminist Review, no. 43, pp. 1-26. [7448]

Hassim, Shireen (1998): Gender institutions in South Africa, New forms of politics, in: L’Afrique Politique, Femmes d’Afrique, pp. 77-86. [7449]

Hassim, Shireen (1999): From presence to power, Women’s citizenship in a new democracy, in: Agenda, no. 40, pp. 6-7. [7450]

Hassim, Shireen (1999): The dual politics of representation: Women and electoral politics in South Africa, in: Politicon, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 201-212. [7451]

Hassim, Shireen (2000): Institutionalising gender: An examination of state-led strategies for gender equality, in: Taylor, Viviene / Mager, Ann / Cardoso, Paula (eds.): Critical African perspectives on women and governance, SADEP Publications, Cape Town, pp. 35-38. [7452]

Hassim, Shireen (2002): `A conspiracy of women', The women's movement in South Africa's transition to democracy, in Social Research, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 693-732. [7453]

Hassim, Shireen (2003): The limits of popular democracy, Women’s organisations, feminism and the UDF, in: Transformation, vol. 51, pp. 48-73. [7454]

Hassim, Shireen (2003): Representation, participation and democratic effectiveness, Feminist challenges to representative democracy in South Africa, in: Goetz, Anne Marie / Hassim, Shireen (eds.): No shortcuts to power, African women in politics and policy making, Zed Books, London, pp. 81-109. [7455]

Hassim, Shireen (2018): Decolonising equality, The radical roots of the gender equality clause in the South African constitution, in: South African Journal on Human Rights, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 342–358. [11807]

Hassim, Shireen (2003): The gender pact and democratic consolidation, Institutionalizing gender equality in the South African State, in: Feminist Studies, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 504-528. [7456]

Hassim, Shireen (2014): The ANC Women´s League, Sex, gender and politics, Jacana Media, Auckland Park, Cape Town. [11808]

Hassim, Shireen (2004): Nationalism, feminism and autonomy, The ANC in exile and the question of women, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 433-456. [7457]

Hassim, Shireen (2019): Fatima Meer, selected writings, edited with an introductory essay by Shireen Hassim, Voices of Liberation, HSRC, Pretoria. [11809]

Hassim, Shireen (2004): Nationalism displaced, Citizenship discourses in the transition, in: Gouws, Amanda (ed.): (Un)Thinking citizenship, Feminist debates in contemporary South Africa, Ashgate Publishers, Aldershot. [7458]

Hassim, Shireen (2005): Turning gender rights into entitlements, Women and welfare provision in post-apartheid South Africa, in: Social Research, vol. 72, no. 3, pp. 621-646. [7459]

Hassim, Shireen (2005): Terms of engagement, South African challenges, in: Feminist Africa, issue 4, pp. 10-27. [7460]

Hassim, Shireen (2005): Voices, hierarchies and spaces, Reconfiguring the women’s movement in democratic South Africa, in: Politikon, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 175-194. [7461]

Hassim, Shireen (2005): Women's organizations and democracy in South Africa, Contesting authority, Women in Africa and the Diaspora, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin. [7462]

Hassim, Shireen (2006): Women’s organisations and democracy in South Africa, Contesting authority, KwaZulu Natal Press, Durban. [7463]

Hassim, Shireen / Gouws, Amanda (1998): Redefining the public space: Women’s organizations, gender consciousness and civil society in South Africa, in: Politicon, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 53-76. [7464]

Hassim, Shireen / Metelerkamp, Jo / Todes, Alison (1987): “A bit on the side”? Gender struggles and political transformation in South Africa, in: Transformation, vol. 5, pp. 3-32. [7465]

Heinrich-Boell-Foundation (2001): Gender gaps in our constitutions, Women’s concern in selected African countries, Heinrich Boell Foundation, Nairobi. [7466]

Hendriks, Cheryl (1996): Gender politics in a post-apartheid South Africa, in: Southern African Feminist Review, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 14-24. [7467]

Irish, Jenni (1993): Women and political violence, in: Agenda, no. 16, pp. 5-9. [7468]

Jones, P.S. (2005): ‘A test of governance’, Rights-based struggles and the politics of HIV/AIDS policy in South Africa, in: Political Geography, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 419-447. [7469]

Kethusegile-Juru, Bookie Monica (2003): Intra-party democracy and the inclusion of women, in: Journal of African elections, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 49-62. [7470]

Klugman, Barbara (1994): Women in politics under Apartheid, A challenge to the new South Africa, in: Nelson, Barbara / Chowdhury, Najma (eds.): Women in politics worldwide, Yale University Press, New Haven / London, pp. 640-659. [7471]

Lewis, Desiree (2021): Governmentality and South Africa’s edifice of gender and sexual rights, in: Journal of Asian and African Studies, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 109-119. [11810]

Maharaj, Nuthan / Maharaj, Brij (2004): Engendering local government in post-apartheid South Africa, Experiences from local councillors in Durban (1996-2000), in: Geo Journal, vol. 61, pp. 263-272. [7474]

McEwan, Cheryl (2003): Bringing government to the people, Women, local governance and community participation in South Africa, in: Geo Forum, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 469-481. [7473]

Meer, Shamin (2005): Freedom for women, Mainstreaming gender in the South African liberation struggle, in: Gender and Development, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 36-45. [7472]

Michalko, Jan (2020): Norms and discourses of class, Disciplinising young educated womnx’s political engagements, in: Politikon, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 269-286. [7475]

Morna, Coleen Lowe / Tolmay, Susan (2007): At the coalface, Gender and local government in Southern Africa, Gender Links, Johannesburg. [7476]

Mzamane, Mbulelo Vizikhungo (1994): Gender politics and the unfolding culture of liberation in South Africa, in: Women’s Studies, vol. 6, pp. 1-25. [7477]

Pankhurst, J. / Lush, L. (2004): The political economy of HIV: Lessons from a comparison of Uganda and South Africa, in: Social Science and Medicine, vol. 59, pp. 1913-1924. [7478]

Radhakrishnan, S. (2005): Time to show our true colours, the gendered politics of ‘Indianness’ in post-apartheid South Africa, in: Gender and Society, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 262-281. [7479]

Rangan, Haripriya / Gilmartin, Mary (2002): Gender, traditional authority, and the politics of rural reform in South Afria, in: Development and Change, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 633-658. [7480]

Samson, Melanie (2007): Developmental local government in postapartheid South Africa? A feminist rethinking of the state and development in the context of neo-liberalism, in: Africa Development, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 26-57. [7481]

Schäfer, Rita (2017): Gender-Politik zwischen Reformansätzen und Umsetzungsproblemen, in: De la Fontaine, Dana / Müller, Franziska et al. (Hrsg.), Das politische Systems Südafrikas, Springer Verlag, Wiesbaden, pp.393-412. [11600]

Scorgie, Fiona (2002): Virginity testing and the politics of sexual responsibility, Implications of AIDS intervention, in: African Studies, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 55-75. [7482]

Sideris, Tina (2007): Post-apartheid South Africa, Gender, rights and the politics of recognition, New avenues for old forms of violence, in: Buur, Lars / Jensen, Steffen / Stepputat, Finn (eds.): The security development nexus, Expressions of sovereignty and securitization in Southern Africa, Publications of the Nordic Africa Institute/HSRC Press, Uppsala/Cape Town, pp. 233-250. [7483]

Walsh, Denise / Scully, Pamela (2006): Altering politics, contesting gender, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 1-12. [7484]


South Sudan

Ali, Nada Mustafa (2011): Gender and statebuilding in South Sudan, US Institute of Peace, Washington D.C. [12078]

Atem, Aluel / Lopa, Eva (2023): Young women in political institutions in South Sudan, Lessons from lived experiences, FES, Juba/Berlin. [12039]

Edward, Jane Kani (2014): A strategy for achieving gender equality in South Sudan, Sudd Institute, Juba. [12077]

Jennifer Erickson, Jennifer / Faria, Caroline (2011): “We want empowerment for our women”: Transnational feminism, neoliberal citizenship, and the gendering of women’s political subjectivity in postconflict South Sudan, in: Signs, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 627-652. [12090]

South Sudan Democratic Engagement, Monitoring and Observation Programme (SSuDEMO (2016): SOUTH SUDAN NATIONAL WOMEN’S STRATEGY, Juba. [12103]


Sudan

Abdalla, Yusra Elmobashir / Bashir, Isalam / Omer, Adam / Zeinab Onour, Mohammed / Al Tirifi, Moha (2023): A Regional Insight into Sudanese Women’s Participation in the December Revolution, Chr. Michelsen Institute, Sudan Working Paper SWP 01, Bergen. [12026]

El Sanousi, Magda / El Amin, Afisa (1994): The women’s movement, displaced women, and rural women in Sudan, in: Nelson, Barbara / Chowdhury, Najma (eds.): Women in politics worldwide, Yale University Press, New Haven / London, pp. 675-689. [7485]

Hale, Sondra (2005): Activating the gender local: Transnational ideologies and "Women´s Culture" in Northern Sudan, in: Journal of Middle East Women´s Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 29-52. [12041]

Hale, Sonya (1992): The rise of Islam and women of the National Islamic Front in Sudan, in: Review of African Political Economy, no. 54, pp. 27-42. [7486]

Hale, Sonya (1993): Gender, religious identity and political mobilisation in Sudan, in: Mogadam, Valentine (ed.): Identity politics and women, cultural reassertions and feminism in international perspective, Boulder. [7487]

Hale, Sonya (1993): Women’s front and revolutionary practices, the Sudan case, in: Tucker, Judith (ed.): Arab women, Old boundaries, new frontiers, University of Indiana Press, Bloomington, pp. 149-174. [7488]

Hale, Sonya (1997): Ideology and identity, Islamism, gender and the state in Sudan, in: Brink, Judy / Mencher, Joan (eds.): Mixed blessings, Gender and religious fundamentalism, Routledge, London, pp. 117-142. [7489]

Hale, Sonya (1997): Gender politics in Sudan: Islamism, socialism, and the state, Westview Press, Boulder. [7490]

Hale, Sonya (1999): Mothers and militia, Islamic state construction of the women citizens of Northern Sudan, in: Citizenship Studies, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 373-386. [7491]

Hale, Sonya (2001): Testimonies in exile, Sudanese gende politics, in: Northeastern African Studies, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 83-128. [7492]

Heinrich-Boell-Foundation (2001): Gender gaps in our constitutions, Women’s concern in selected African countries, Heinrich Boell Foundation, Nairobi. [7493]

Hoverter, Terry (2021): Sudan’s constitutional process, A gender inclusive approach, CMI, Bergen. [11620]

Kevane,Michael / Gray, Leslie (1995): Local politics in the time of Turabi’s revolution - Gender, class and ethnicity in West Sudan, in: Africa, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 271-296. [7495]

Khalid, Tomadur Ahmed (1995): The state and the Sudanese Women’s Union, 1971-1983, A case study, in: Wieringa, Saskia (ed.): Subversive women, Women’s movements in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Carribean, Kali for Women, New Delhi, pp. 183-211. [7494]

Nasreldin, Ilaf (2022): Addressing gendered violence: A goal or a threat to the Sudanese revolution, Sudan Blog, CMI, Bergen [12028]

Okech, Awino (ed.) (2020): Gender Protests and Political Change in Africa. Palgrave Macmillan, London. [12233]

Tonnessen, Liv / Al-Nagar, Samia (2023): Women, revolution and backlash: Igniting feminist mobilization in Sudan, in: Politics & Gender, pp. 1-6. [12027]


Swaziland / Eswatini

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Tanzania

Donner-Reichle, Carola (1988): Ujamaadörfer in Tanzania. Politik und Reaktionen der Bäuerinnen, Veröffentlichungen aus dem Insititut für Afrika-Kunde, Hamburg. [7496]

Donner-Reichle, Carola (1989): Frauenpolitik in Tanzania, eine Männerangelegenheit? in: Zeitschrift für Afrikastudien, vol. 4, pp. 37-48. [7497]

Fair, Laura (2002): “It is just no fun anymore”, Women’s experience of Taraab before and after the 1964 Zanzibar revolution, in: International Journal of African Historical Studies, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 61-81. [7498]

Geiger, Susan (1982): Umoja Wa Wanawake Wa Tanzania and the needs of the rural poor, in: African Studies Review, vol. 25, no. 2/3, pp. 45-56. [7499]

Geiger, Susan (1987): Women in nationalist struggle, TANU activists in Dar es Salaam, in: International Journal of African Historical Studies, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 29-44. [7500]

Geiger, Susan (1996): Tanganyikan nationalism as ‘women’s work’, Life histories, collective biography and changing historiography, in: Journal of African History, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 465-478. [7501]

Geiger, Susan (1998): TANU women: Gender, culture and the making of Tanganyika nationalism, Heinemann Publishers, Oxford. [7502]

Landner, Joyce (1985): Tanzanian women and nation building, in: Steady, F.Ch. (ed.): Black Women Cross-Culturally, Cambridge (Mass.), pp. 107-117. [7503]

Madsen, Diana (ed.) (2020): Gendered institutions and women’s political representation in Africa, Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala / Zed Book, London. [7504]

Mongi, V.J. (1975): Strategies and methods used by UWT as a national women’s organization to involve women in policy and decision-making in Tanzania, in: Pala, Achola / Awori, Thelma / Krystall, Abigail (ed.): The participation of women in Kenya society, Kenya Literature Bureau, Nairobi, pp. 220-223. [7505]

Snyder, K.A. (1993): Elders, authority and women’s protest, The masay ritual and social change among the Iraqw of Tanzania, in: Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 561-576. [7506]

Snyder, K.A. (2006): Mothers on the march, Iraqw women negotiating the public sphere in Tanzania, in: Africa Today, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 53-78. [7507]

Swai, Elinami Veraeli (2010): Beyond women’s empowerment in Africa, Exploring dislocation and agency, Palgrave, London. [7508]

Tripp, Aili Mari (1991): Rethinking civil society, Gender implications in contemporary Tanzania, in: Harbeson, John / Rothchild, Donald / Naomi, Chazan (eds.): Civil society and the state in Africa, Lynne Rienner, Boulder, pp. 149-168. [7509]

Tripp, Aili Mari (1998): Gender, political participation, and the transformation of associational life in Uganda and Tanzania, in: Lewis, Peter (ed.): Africa, Dilemmas of development and change, Westview Press, Boulder, pp. 232-257. (and published in: African Studies Review, vol. 37, no. 1, 1994, pp. 107-132) [7510]

Yoon, Mi Yung (2008): Special seats for women in the national legislature, The case of Tanzania, in: Africa Today, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 61-86. [7511]

Yoon, Mi Yung (2016): Beyond quota seats for women in Tanzanian legislature, in: Canadian Journal of African Studies, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 191-210. [7512]

Yoon, Mi Yung (2020): Voters perceptions of gender differences in vote buying, The case of Tanzania, in: Africa Spectrum, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 125-147. [7513]

Yoon, Mi Yung / Wang, Vibeke (2018): Recruitment mechanisms for reserved seats for women in parliament and switches to non quota seats, A comparative study of Tanzania and Uganda, in: Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 229-324. [7514]


The Congo

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Togo

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Uganda

African-American Institute /UNIFEM (1995): African women in politics, Together for change, Three struggles for political rights, Unifem Publications, New York. [7519]

Ahikire, Josephine (2003): Gender equality and local democracy in contemporary Uganda, Addressing the challenge of women’s political effectiveness in local government, in: Goetz, Anne Marie / Hassim, Shireen (eds.): No shortcuts to power, African women in politics and policy making, Zed Books, London, pp. 219-239. [7515]

Ahikire, Josephine (2004): Towards women’s effective participation in electoral processes, A review of the Ugandan experience, in: Feminist Africa, 3. [7516]

Ahikire, Josephine (2006): Localised or localising democracy, Gender and the politics of decentralisation in contemporary Uganda, Fountain Publishers, Kampala. [7517]

Ahikire, Josephine / Mwiine, Amon (2020): Gender equtable change and the place of informal networks in Uganda’s legislative policy reforms, Global Development Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester. [7518]

Apt, Nana Araba / Agyemang-Mensah, Nana / Grieco, Margaret (eds.) (1998): Maintaining the momentum of Beijing, The contributions of African gender NGO’s, Ashagte Publishers, Aldershot. [12360]

Aubrey, Lisa (2001): Gender, development and democratisation in Africa, in: Journal of Asian and African Studies, vol. 36, pp. 87-111. [7520]

Basirika, Edith (2001): Gender, democratic practice and member control in agricultural primary co-operative societies in Uganda, Gender Issues Research Report Series, no. 16, Organisation for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa, Addis Ababa. [7521]

Boyd, Rosalind (1994): Empowerment of women in contemporary Uganda, Real or symbolic, in: Dagenais, Huguette / Piche, Denise (eds.): Women, feminism and development, McGill / Queens University Press, Montreal, pp. 305-326. [7522]

Byanyima, W. (1992): Women in the political struggle in Uganda, in: Bystydzienski, Jill (ed.): Women transforming politics, Worldwide strategies for empowerment, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, pp. 129-142. [7523]

Dolan, Chris (2002): Collapsing masculinities and weak states, A case study of Northern Uganda, in: Cleaver, Frances (ed.): Masculinities matter! Men, gender and development, Zed Books, London, pp. 57-83. [7524]

Goetz, Anne Marie (1998): Women in politics and gender equity on policy, South Africa and Uganda, in: Review of African Political Economy, vol. 25, no. 76, pp. 241-262. [7525]

Goetz, Anne Marie (2003): Problems with patronage, Constraints on women’s political effectiveness in Uganda, in: Goetz, Anne Marie / Hassim, Shireen (eds.): No shortcuts to power, African women in politics and policy making, Zed Books, London, pp. 110-139. [7526]

Goetz, Anne-Marie / Hassim, Shireen (2002): In and against the party, Women’s representation and constituency-building in Uganda and South Africa, in: Molyneux, Maxine / Razavi, Shahra (eds.): Gender, justice and rights, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 306-343. [7527]

Goetz, Anne-Marie / Hassim, Shireen (2003): Introduction, Women in power in Uganda and South Africa, in: Goetz, Anne Marie / Hassim, Shireen (eds.): No shortcuts to power, African women in politics and policy making, Zed Books, London, pp. 1-29. [7528]

Heinrich-Boell-Foundation (2001): Gender gaps in our constitutions, Women`s concern in selected African countries, Heinrich Boell Foundation, Nairobi. [7529]

Johnson, Deb / Kabuchu, Hoe / Vusiya, Kayonga Santa (2004): Women in Ugandan local government, the impact of affirmative action, in: Sweetman, Caroline (ed.): Gender, development and citizenship, Oxfam Publications, Oxford, pp. 8-18. [7530]

Kawamara-Mishambi, Sheila / Ovonji-Odida, Irene (2003): The ‘lost cause’: The campaign to advance women’s property rights in the Uganda 1998 Land Act, in: Goetz, Anne Marie / Hassim, Shireen (eds.): No shortcuts to power, African women in politics and policy making, Zed Books, London, pp. 160-188. [7531]

Khadiagala, Lynn (2001): The failure of popular justice in Uganda, Local councils and women’s property rights, in: Development and Change, vol. 32, pp. 55-76. [7532]

Mbire-Barungi, Barbara (1999): Uganda feminism, Political rhetoric or reality, in: Women’s Studies International Forum, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 434-430. [7533]

Müller, Tanya (2005): The making of elite women, Revolution and nation building in Eritrea, EJ Brill Publishers, Amsterdam. [7534]

Naggita, Esther (2001): The Beijing Platform for Action: A review of progress made by Uganda (1995–2000), East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 256–282. [7535]

Nalwanga-Sebina, Abby (1991): The viability of resistance commitees for women in Uganda, in: IFAA (ed.): Alternative development strategies for Africa, IFAA Publications, London, pp. 156-163. [7536]

Odongo-Mwake, Beatrice (2003): Women and the democratic process in Uganda, Gender and justice, in: Hatchard, John / Penny-Kessaris, Amanda (eds.): Law and development, Facing complexity in the 21th century, Cavendish Publishing, London, pp. 246-261. [7537]

Ottemoeller, Dan (1999): The politics of gender in Uganda, in: African Studies Review, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 87-104. [7538]

Pankhurst, Donna (2002): Women and politics in Africa, The case of Uganda, in: Parlamentary Affairs, vol. 55, pp. 119-128. [7539]

Tamale, Sylvia (1993): Law reform and women’s rights in Uganda, in: East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 164-194. [7540]

Tamale, Sylvia (1998): When hens begin to crow, Gender and parliamentary politics in Uganda, Westview Press, Boulder. [7541]

Tamale, Sylvia (2001): Between a rock and a hard place, Women’s self mobilization to overcome poverty in Uganda, in: Rowbotham, Sheila / Linkogle, Stephanie (eds.): Women resist globalization, Mobilizing for livelihood and rights, Zed Books, London, pp. 70-85. [7542]

Tripp, Alili Marie (1994): Gender, political participation and the transformation of associational life in Uganda and Tanzania, in: African Studies Review, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 107-132. [7543]

Tripp, Alili Marie (1996): Urban women's movements and political liberalization in East Africa, in: Sheldon, Kathleen (ed.): Courtyards, markets, city streets, Urban women in Africa, Westview Press, Boulder, pp. 285-308. [7544]

Tripp, Alili Marie (1998): Gender, political participation, and the transformation of associational life in Uganda and Tanzania, in: Lewis, Peter (ed.): Africa, Dilemmas of development and change, Westview Press, Boulder, pp. 232-257. [7545]

Tripp, Alili Marie (2000): Women and politics in Uganda, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. [7546]

Tripp, Alili Marie (2000): Rethinking difference, Comparative perspectives from Africa, in: Signs, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 649-675. [7547]

Tripp, Alili Marie (2001): The politics of autonomy and cooptation in Africa, The case of the Ugandan women’s movement, in: Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 101-128. [7548]

Tripp, Alili Marie (2001): Women’s mobilization in Uganda, Nonracial ideologies in European-African-Asian encounters, 1945-1962, in: International Journal of African Historical Studies, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 543-564. [7549]

Tripp, Alili Marie (2001): Women's movements and challenges to neopatrimonial rule, Preliminary Observations from Africa, in: Development and Change, vol. 32, pp. 33-54. [7550]

Tripp, Alili Marie (2001): The new political activism in Africa, in: Journal of Democracy, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 141-155. [7551]

Tripp, Alili Marie (2002): The politics of women’ rights and cultural diversity in Uganda, in: Molyneux, M. / Razavi, S.(eds.): Gender, justice, democracy and rights, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 413-440. [7552]

Tripp, Alili Marie / Kwesiga, Joy (2002): The women’s movement in Uganda, History, challenges and prospects, Fountain Publishers, Kampala. [7553]

Wakoko, Florence / Labao, Linda (1996): Reconceptualizing gender and reconstructing social life: Ugandan women and the path to national development, in: Africa Today, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 307-321. [7554]


Zambia

Allen, Chris (1991): Gender, participation, and radicalism in African nationalism, Its contemporary significance, in: Cohen, Robin / Goulbourne, Harry (eds.): Democracy and socialism in Africa, Westview Press, Boulder, pp. 199-215. [7555]

Crehan, Kate (1997): The fractured community, Landscapes of power and gender in rural Zambia, University of California, Berkeley. [7556]

Crehan, Kate (1999): The rules of the game, The political location of women in North Western Zambia, in: Hyslop, J.(ed.): African democracy in the era of globalization, Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, pp. 139-151. [7557]

Cutshall, Charles (1981): The role of women in disputing among the Ila of Zambia, Political adaptation in legal change, Working Papers, no. 46, African Studies Centre, Boston. [7558]

Ferguson, Anne E. / Katundu, Beatrice Liatto (1994): Women in politics in Zambia, What difference has democracy made? in: African Rural and Urban Studies, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 11-29. [7560]

Gadsden, Fay (1993): Patriarchal attitudes, male control over and politics towards female education in Northern Rhodesia, 1924-1963, in: Zambia Journal of History, vol. 6/7, pp. 25-45. [7559]

Geisler, Gisela (1987): Sisters under the skin: Women in the Women’s League in Zambia, in: Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 42-66. [7561]

Geisler, Gisela (1990): Die Politik der Geschlechterbeziehungen in einer ländlichen Gemeinde in Zambia: „Be quiet and suffer“, Arbeiten aus dem Institut für Afrikakunde, 66, Hamburg. [7562]

Geisler, Gisela (1995): Troubled sisterhood: Women and politics in Southern Africa, Case studies from Zambia, Zimbabwe and Botswana, in: African Affairs, vol. 94, pp. 545-578. [7563]

Glazer, Ilsa (Ilsa Schuster) (1997): Alcohol and politics in urban Zambia, The intersection of gender and class, in: Mikell, Gwendolyn (Hg.): African feminism - The politics of survival in Sub-Saharan Africa, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, pp. 142-158. [7564]

Liatto-Katunda, B. (1993): The women’s lobby and gender relations in Zambia, in: Review of African Political Economy, no. 56, pp. 97-125. [7565]

Nalumango, Mbuyu / Sifuniso, Monde (1998): Women power in politics, Zambia Women Writers, National Women’s Lobby Group, Lusaka. [7566]

Osei-Hwedie, Bertha (2001): Constraints on women’s participation in Zambian politics, A comparative analysis of the first, second and third republics, in: Rwomire, Apollo (ed.): African women and children, Crisis and response, Praeger Publishers, Westport, pp. 159-184. [7567]

Schuster, Ilsa (1985): Politcal women, the Zambian experience, in: Safir, M. / Mednick, M. et al. (Hg.): Women’s world, New York, pp. 189-198. [7568]

Van Klinken, Adriaan (2020): Homosexuality, politics, and pentecostal nationalim in Zambia, in: Spronk, Rachel / Hendriks, Thomas (eds.): Readings in sexualities from Africa, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, pp. 269-282. [7569]


Zimbabwe

Bhatasara, Sandra / Chiweshe, Manase (2021): Women in Zimbabwe politics post 2017, in: Journal of Asian and African Studies, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 218-233 [12136]

Bull-Christiansen, Lene (2004): Tales of the nation, Feminist nationalism or patriotic history? Defining national history and identity in Zimbabwe, Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala. [7570]

Chigudu, Hope Bagyendera / Tichagwa, Wilfred (1995): Participation of women in party politics, ZWRCN Discussion Paper No. 9, Harare. [7571]

Chimedza, Ruvimbo (1987): Women and decision-making, The case of district councils in Zimbabwe, in: Qunta, Chritine (ed.): Women in Southern Africa, Johannesburg, pp. 135-145. [7572]

Chiroro, B. (2005): Persistent inequalities: Women and electoral politics in the Zimbabwean elections in 2005, in: Journal of African Elections, 4, 2, pp. 91-106. [12149]

Heinrich-Boell-Foundation (2001): Gender gaps in our constitutions, Women`s concern in selected African countries, Heinrich Boell Foundation, Nairobi. [7582]

Hungwe, Chipo (2019): Putting them in their place: “respectable” and “unrespectable” women in Zimbabwean gender struggles, in: Feminist Africa, vol. 6, pp. 33-47. [12161]

Jacobs, Susan / Howard, Tracey (1987): Women in Zimbabwe, stated policy and stated action, in: Afshar, Haleh (ed.): Women, state and ideology, Routledge, London, pp. 28-47. [7573]

Kanji, Nazneen / Jazdowska, Niki (1994): Structural adjustment and women in Zimbabwe. In: Review of African Political Economy, no. 56, pp. 11-26. [7574]

Kesby, Mike (1996): Arenas for control, terrains of gender contestation: Guerilla struggle and counter-insurgency warfare in Zimbabwe, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 561-584. [7575]

Madsen, Diana (ed.) (2020): Gendered institutions and women’s political representation in Africa, Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala / Zed Book, London. [7576]

Mate, Rekopantswe (2019): Militarisation and masculinity in Zimbabwe, Good Governance Africa Blog. 15 3 2019. [12163]

Mate, Rekopantswe (2021): The social exclusion of women and young people in Zimbabwe since independence in: Sachikonye L. / Kaulem D.(eds.): Zimbabwe at 40: Development, democracy and transformation. Weaver Press, Harare, pp. 140-170. [12167]

Mawere, Tinashe (2020): The J(g)endered nation: Zimbabwe’s heroic and macho-currencies in: CSAG Blog, 3 July 2020 [12147]

Mawere, Tinashe (2021): The Erecting of Nehanda, Gender Justice Blog, Justgender.org, 18 August 2021 [12160]

Mawere, Tinashe (2019): Gendered and Sexual Imagi(nations), The 2018 Zimbabwean E(r)ections and the Aftermath, Centre for Sexualities, AIDS and Gender, University of Pretoria. [12162]

Osrim, Mary Johnson (1994): Women, work, and public policy: Structural adjustment and the informal sector in Zimbabwe, in: Kalipeni, Ezekiel (ed.): Population growth and environmental degradation in Southern Africa, Boulder, pp. 61-84. [7577]

Parpart JL (2015): Militarized masculinities, heroes and gender inequality during and after the nationalist struggle in Zimbabwe. in: NORMA, vol. 10, no. 3-4, pp. 312–325. [12137]

Ranchod-Nilsson S. (2003): Gender struggles for the nation: Power, agency and representation in Zimbabwe. in: Ranchod-Nilsson S, Tetreault MA (eds.): Women, states and nationalism: at home in the nation. Routledge, London, pp. 164–180. [12141]

Ranchod-Nilsson, Sita (2006): “Gender Politics and the Pendulum of Political and Social Transformation in Zimbabwe, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 32 (1), pp. 49-67. [12284]

Ranchold-Nilsson, Sita (1994): “This too, is a way of fighting!” in: Tétreault, Mary Ann (ed.): Women and revolution in Africa, Asia and the new world, University of California Press, Berkeley, pp. 62-88. [7578]

Ranchold-Nilsson, Sita (1998): Zimbabwe: Women, cultural crisis, and the reconfiguration of the one-party state, in: Villalón, Leonardo / Huxtable, Philipp (eds.): The African state at a critical juncture, Between disintegration and reconfiguration, Lynne Rienner, Boulder, pp. 255-276. [7579]

Schäfer, Rita (2012): Gender und autoritäre Herrschaft in Zimbabwe, in: Femina Politica, 1, pp. 86-97. [11891]

Shaw, Carolyn Martin (2015): Women and power in Zimbabwe: Promises of feminism, University of Illinois Press, Champaign Il. [12053]

Vijfhuizen, Carin (1997): Rain-making, political conflicts and gender images: A case from Mutema chieftaincy in Zimbabwe, in: Zambezia, 24, i, pp. 31-49. [7580]

Win, Everjoice (2004): When sharing female identity is not enough, Coalition building in the midst of political polarisation in Zimbabwe, in: Sweetman, Caroline (ed.): Gender, development and diversity, Oxfam Publications, Oxford, (Gender and Development vol. 12, no. 1), pp. 19-27. [7581]

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