Literature Database on Gender in Subsahara Africa

Literature on society - homosexuality / sexual minorities

Africa OverviewAngolaBenin
BotswanaBurkina FasoBurundi
CameroonCentral African RepublicChad
D.R. Congo / ZaireDjiboutiEquatorial Guinea
EritreaEthiopiaGabon
GambiaGhanaGuinea
Guinea BisseauIvory CoastKenya
LesothoLiberiaMadagascar
MalawiMaliMauritius
MozambiqueNamibiaNiger
NigeriaRwandaSenegal
Sierra LeoneSomaliaSouth Africa
South SudanSudanSwaziland / Eswatini
TanzaniaThe CongoTogo
UgandaZambiaZimbabwe

Africa Overview

Afro-Benin / EGIDES (2020): COVID-19 et les LBTQ, Afro-Benin, Cotonou, 2020 [11928]

Amony, Deborah (1997): ‘Homosexuality’ in Africa, issues and debates, in: Issue, A Journal of Opinion, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 5-10. [9000]

Audi, Sonia / Hoosen, Nas / Müllerr, Alex (2020): 2070 by Qintu Collab, in: Scrutiny2, Issues in English Studies in Southern Africa, vol. 25, Issue 2, pp. 13-22 [11724]

Awondo, Patrick / Geschiere, Peter / Reid, Graeme (2012): Homophobic Africa? Toward a more nuanced view, in: African Studies Review, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 145-168. [9001]

Burger, Bibi (2020): Editorial, Engaged queerness in African speculative fiction, in: Scrutiny2, vol. 25, issuue 2, pp. 1-12. [11728]

Chitando, Ezra / van Klinken, Adriaan (eds.) (2016): Christianity and controversies over homosexuality in contemporary Africa, Routledge, London. [9002]

Currier, Ashley / Migraine-George, Thérèse (2018): The incommensurability of the ‘transnational’ in queer African Studies, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 613-622. [9003]

Devji, Zahrah Z. (2016): Forging paths for the African queer, Is there an "African" mechanism for realizing LGTBIQ rights? in: Journal of African Law, vol. 60, no. 3, pp.343-363. [11840]

Dreier, Sarah / Long, James / Winkler, Stephen (2020): African, religious, and tolerant? How religious diversity shapes attitudes towards sexual minorities in Africa, in: Politics and Religion, vol. 13, no 2, pp. 273-303. [9004]

Dunton, Chris / Palmberg, Mai (1996): Human rights and homosexuality in Southern Africa, Paper: Current African Issue, no. 19, The Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala. [9005]

Edwin, Kwame Otu (2020): Heteroerotic failure and “Afro-queer Futurity” in Mohamed Camara’s Dakan, in: Journal of African Cultural Studies, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 10-25. [11815]

Ekine, Sokari / Abbas, Hakima (eds.) (2013): Queer African reader, Fahamu Books, Pambazuka Press, Wantage, Oxfordshire UK. [11683]

Epprecht, Marc (2004): Hungochani, The history of a dissident sexuality in Southern Africa, McGill-Queens University Press, Montreal. [9006]

Epprecht, Marc (2006): Bisexuality and the politics of normal in African ethnography, in: Anthropologica, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 187-201. [9007]

Epprecht, Marc (2008): Heterosexual Africa? The history of an idea from the age of exploitation to the age of AIDS, Ohio University Press, Ohio. [9008]

Epprecht, Marc (2008): Unspoken facts, A history of homosexuality in Africa, GALZ Publications, Harare. [9009]

Epprecht, Marc / Nyeck, S.N. (2013): Sexual diversity in Africa, Politics, theory and citizenship, McGills-Queens University Press, Montréal. [9010]

GALA (ed.) (2021): Hopes and dreams that sound like yours, Taboom Media/Mathoko’s Books, Johannesburg. [11560]

Geschiere, Peter (2017): A vortex of identities, Freemansory, witchcraft and postcolonial homophobia, in: African Studies Review, vol. 60, no 2, pp. 7-35. [9011]

Geschiere, Peter / Orock, Rogers (2020): Anusocratie? Freemanonry, sexual transgression and illicit enrichment in postcolonial Africa, in: Africa, vol. 90, no. 5, pp. 831-851. [9012]

Gevisser, Mark (2020): The Pink Line, Profile Books, London. [11567]

Green-Simms, Lindsey / Z´étoile, Imma (2021): The possibilities and intimacies of Queer African screen cultures, in: Journal of African Cultural Studies, vol. 33, pp. 1-19. [11761]

Hawley, John (2017): In transition, self-expression in recent African LGBTIQ narratives, in: Journal of the African Literature Association, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 120-134. [11742]

Hawley, John C. (ed.) (2018): Queer theory in film and fiction, African Literature Today, ALT 36, James Currey, Melton. [9013]

Hoad, Neville (2007): African intimacies, Race, homosexuality and globalization, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis. [9014]

Human Rights Watch (2003): More than a name, State sponsored homophobia and its consequences in Southern Africa, Human Rights Watch, New York. [9015]

Ibrahim, A. (2015): LGBT rights in Africa and the discursive role of international human rights law. in: African Human Rights Law Journal, 15, pp. 263–281. [12116]

Ireland, Patrick (2013): A macro-level analysis of the scope, causes, and consequences of homophobia in Africa, in: African Studies Review, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 44-66. [11825]

Jjuuko, Adrian (2020): Strategic litigation and the struggle for lesbian, gay and bisexual equality in Africa, Daraja Press, Ottawa. [12150]

Jjuuko, Adrian / Gloppen, Siri / Msosa, Alan / Viljoen, Frans (eds.) (2022): Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation, PULP, Pretoria. [11975]

Judge, Melanie. (2005): For better or worse? Same-sex marriage and the (re)making of hegemonic masculinities and femininities in South Africa, in: Agenda, pp. 67–73. [12180]

Macharia, Keguro (2015): Archive and method in Queer African Studies, in: Agenda, 29, 1, pp. 140–146. [12190]

Martin, Karen / Xaba, Makhosazana (2013): Queer Africa, New and Collected Fiction, Modjaji Books, Johannesburg. [11720]

Matebeni, Zethu (2009): Feminizing Lesbians, Degendering Transgender Men: A Model for Building Lesbian Feminist Thinkers and Leaders in Africa? in: Souls, 11, 3. [12197]

Matebeni, Zethu (2009): Feminizing lesbians, Degendering transgender men: A Model for building lesbian feminist thinkers and leaders in Africa? in: Souls, 11, 3. [12198]

Matebeni, Zethu (2014): Reclaiming Afrikan: Queer Perspectives on Sexual and Gender Identities. Modjaji Books. Cape Town. [12199]

Matebeni, Zethu (2013): Intimacy, Queerness, Race, in: Cultural Studies, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 404-417. [12200]

Matebeni, Zethu / Msibi, Thabo (2015): Vocabularies of the non-normative, in: Agenda, 29, 1, pp. 3–9. [12196]

Matebeni, Zethu / Munro, Surya / Reddy, Vasu (eds.) (2018): Queer in Africa, LGBTQI Identities, Citizenship, and Activism, Routledge, London. [11735]

Mbaru, Monica / Tabengwa, Monica / Vance, Kim (2018): Envisioning global LGBT human rights, (Neo)colonialism, neoliberalism, resistance and hope, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, London. [9016]

McLean, N. and Mugo, T. K. (2015): The Digital Age: A Feminist Future for the Queer African Woman, in: IDS Bulletin, 46, pp. 97–100. [12182]

Meer, Talia / Lunau, Marie /Oberth, Gemma / Daskilewicz, Kristen / Müller, Alex (2017): Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex human rights in Southern Africa, A contemporary literature review 2012-2016, HIVOS, Johannesburg. [11927]

Moagi, L.A. / Mavhandu-Mudzusi, A.H. (2020): Violence Against LGBT(QI) Persons in Africa, in: Yacob-Haliso, O. / Falola, T. (eds): The Palgrave Handbook of African Women´s Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. [12114]

Morgan, Ruth / Wieringa, Saskia (eds.) (2005): Tommy boys, Lesbian men and ancestral wives, Female same-sex practices in Africa, Jacana Media, Johannesburg. [9017]

Munro, Brenna (2017): States of emergence, Writing African female same-sex sexuality, in: Journal of Lesbian Studies, vol. 21, issue 2, pp. 186-203 [11687]

Murray, Rachel / Viljoen, Frans (2007): Towards non-discrimination on the basis of sexual orientiation, in: Human Rights Quarterly, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 86-111. [9018]

Murray, Stephen / Roscoe, Will (eds.) (1998): Boy wives and female husbands, Studies in African homosexualities, St. Martin’s Press, New York. [9019]

Namwase, S. / Jjuuko, A. (eds.) (2017): Protecting the human rights of sexual minorities in contemporary Africa. Pretoria University Law Press (PULP), Pretoria. [11561]

Niang, Cheikh Ibrahima / Foley, Ellen / Diop, Ndack (2020): Legalising gender and sexuality in Africa, Human rights, society, and the state, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. [9020]

Nkosi, S., & Masson, F. (2017): Christianity and homosexuality: Contradictory or complementary? A qualitative study of the experiences of Christian homosexual university students. in: South African Journal of Higher Education, 31, 4, pp. 72–93. [12122]

Nyeck, S.N. (ed.) (2020): Routledge handbook of Queer African Studies, Routledge, London. [9021]

Nyongo, Tavia (2012): Queer Africa and the fantasy of virtual participation, in: Women´s Studies Quarterly, vol. 40, no. 1-2, pp. 40-63. [11719]

Osinubi, Taiwo Adetunji (2018): Introduction, Denormativizing imperatives in African Queer scholarship, in: College Literature, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 596-612. [11718]

Pincheon, Stanford Bill (2000): An ethnography of silences, Race, homosexualities, and a discourse of Africa, in: African Studies Review, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 39-58. [9022]

Poku, N. K., Esom, K., & Armstrong, R. (2017): Sustainable development and the struggle for LGBTI social inclusion in Africa: Opportunities for accelerating change. in: Development in Practice, 27, 4, pp. 432–443. [12121]

Qintu Collab, Meer, T. / Müller, A. (2020): Meanwhile, Graphic short stories about everyday queer life in Southern and East Africa, Mathokos Books, Braamfontein, Johannesburg. [11725]

Ratele, Kopano (2014): Hegemonic African masculinities and men’s heterosexual lives, Some uses of homophobia, in: African Studies Review, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 115-130. [9023]

Reddy, V. (2001): Homophobia, human rights, and gay and lesbian equality in Africa, in: Agenda, 1, 50, pp. 3-86. [9024]

Spronk, Rachel / Hendriks, Thomas (eds.) (2020): Readings in sexualities from Africa, Indiana University Press, Bloomington. [9025]

Spronk, Rachel / Nyeck, S. N. (2021): Frontiers and pioneers in (the study of) queer experiences in Africa, in: Africa, voll. 91, no. 3, pp. 361-387 [11681]

Spurlin, William (2007): Imperialism within the margins, Queer representation and the politics of culture in Southern Africa, Palgrave, London. [9026]

Tamale, S. (eds.) (2011): African sexualities, A reader, Pambazuka, Cape Town. [9027]

Tamale, Sylvia (2013): Confronting the Politics of Nonconforming Sexualities in Africa, in: African Studies Review, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 31–45. [11848]

Wesley, Paul Macheso (2021): Fiction as prosthesis, Reading the contemporary African queer short story, in: Tydskr.vir letterkunde, vol. 58, no.2, pp. 1-17. [11750]

Wieringa, Saskia / Morgan, Ruth (eds.) (2005): Tommy boys, lesbian women and ancestral wives, Jacana Media, Johannesburg. [9028]

Yacob-Haliso / Falola, Toyin (eds.) (2020): Palgrave Handbook of African women´s studies, Palgrave, London [12263]

Zabus, Chantal (2013): Out in Africa, Same-sex desire in Sub-Saharan literature and cultures, James Currey, Melton/Woodbridge. [9029]


Angola

Meer, Talia / Lunau, Marie /Oberth, Gemma / Daskilewicz, Kristen / Müller, Alex (2017): Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex human rights in Southern Africa, A contemporary literature review 2012-2016, HIVOS, Johannesburg. [11930]

Outright International (2019): Country overview: Angola, Outright International, New York. [11940]


Benin

Afro-Benin / EGIDES (2020) (2020): COVID-19 et les LBTQ, Afro-Benin, Cotonou, 2020 [11929]


Botswana

Jjuuko, Adrian / Gloppen, Siri / Msosa, Alan / Viljoen, Frans (eds.) (2022): Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation, PULP, Pretoria. [11976]

Jjuuko, Adrian / Gloppen, Siri / Msosa, Alan / Viljoen, Frans (eds.) (2022): Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation, PULP, Pretoria. [11977]

SALC (2019): Botswana Decrim Judgement,Gaborone. [11931]

Tabengwa, Monica / Nicol, Nancy (2013): LGBT movement in Botswana, in: Lennox, Corinne (ed): Human rights, sexual orientation and gender identity in the Commonwealth, Struggles for decriminalisation and change, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, University of London, London, pp. 339-358. [9030]


Burkina Faso

Equaldex (2016): LGBT rights in Burkina Faso, Equaldex, Los Angeles, 2016. [11933]


Burundi

Human Dignity Trust (2022): Burundi, Human Dignity Trust, London. [11932]


Cameroon

Awondo, Patrick (2019): Les sexe et sex doubles, (Homo)sexualités en postcolonie, ENS Edition, Lyon. [9031]

Awondo, Patrick (2010): The politisation of sexuality and rise of homosexual movements in post-colonial Cameroon, in: Review of African Political Economy, vol. 37, issue 125, pp. 315-328. [9032]

Awondo, Patrick (2012): Médias, politique et homosexualité au Cameroun, Retour sur la construction d’une controverse, in: Politique Africaine, vol. 126, pp. 69.85. [9033]

Guebogou, C. (2006): La question homosexuelle en Afrique, Le cas du Cameroun, L’Harmattan, Paris. [9034]

Ndjio, Basile (2013): Sexuality and Nationalist Ideologies in Post -Colonial Cameroon, in: Wieringa, Saskia / Sivori, Horacio (eds.): The Sexual History of the Global South, Sexual Politics in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, Zed Books, London, pp. 120–143. [11847]

Ndjio, Basile (2016): Nation and its undesirable subjects, Homosexuals and the alien ‘others’ in Cameroon, in Duyvendak, J.W. / Gechiere, P. / Tonkens, E. (eds.): The culturalizsation of citzenship, Belonging and polarization in a globalized world, Palgrave MacMillan, London, pp. 115-136. [9035]

Roxburgh, S. (2019): Homosexuality, witchcraft, and power, The politics of ressentiment in Cameroon, in: African Studies Review, vol. 62, no 3, pp. 89-111. [9036]


Central African Republic

Equaldex (2022): LGBT rights in Bangui, Equaldex, Los Angeles. [11935]


Chad

Human Dignity Trust (2022): Country profile: Chad, Human Dignity Trust, London. [11934]


D.R. Congo / Zaire

Hendiks, T. (2017): Queer(ing) popular culture, Homo-erotic provocations from Kinshasa, in: Journal of African Culture Studies, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 71-88. [9037]

Hendriks, Thomas (2016): SIM cards of desire, Sexual versatility and the male homoerotic economy in urban Congo, in: American Ethnologist, vol. 43, no 2, pp. 230-242. [11696]

Outright International (2019): Country Overview: DR Congo, Outright International, New York. [11941]


Djibouti

Equaldex (2022): LGBT rights in Djibouti, Equaldex, Los Angeles. [11936]


Equatorial Guinea

Equaldex (2022): LGBT rights in Equatorial Guinea, Equaldex, Los Angeles. [11952]


Eritrea

Human Dignity Trust (2021): Country profile: Eritrea, Human Dignity Trust, London. [11937]


Ethiopia

Human Dignity Trust (2021): Country profile: Ethiopia, Human Dignity Trust, London. [11938]

Jjuuko, Adrian / Gloppen, Siri / Msosa, Alan / Viljoen, Frans (eds.) (2022): Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation, PULP, Pretoria. [11982]

Outright International (2019): Country Overview: Ethiopia, Outright International, New York. [11939]


Gabon

Dougueli, Georges (2020): Gabon divided over adoption of law decriminalising homosexuality, The Africa Report, 29 June 2020. [11950]


Gambia

Human Dignity Trust (2020): Country Profile: The Gambia, Human Dignity Trust, London. [11942]


Ghana

Dankwa, Owusua Serena (2021): Knowing women, Same-sex intimacy, gender, and identity in post-colonial Ghana, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [11609]

Dankwa, Owusua Serena (2009): ’It’s a Silent Trade’: Female Same-Sex Intimacies in Postcolonial Ghana, in: Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research, Vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 192 – 205. [11611]

Dankwa, Serena Owusua (2011): ‘The one who first says I love you’, Same-sex love and female masculinity in post-colonial Ghana, in: Ghana Studies, vol. 14, pp. 223-264. [9038]

Geoffrion, Karine (2018): Homosexuality and religious fundamentalis in the Ghanaian mediascape, Clashes between an ‘un-godly’ concept and lived practices, in: Gender and Fundamentalism, CODESRIA, Dakar pp. 269-288. [9039]

Jjuuko, Adrian / Gloppen, Siri / Msosa, Alan / Viljoen, Frans (eds.) (2022): Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation, PULP, Pretoria. [11978]

Sponk, Rachel (2018): Invisible desires in Ghana and Kenya, Same-sex erotic experience in cross-sex oriented lives, in: Sexualities, vol. 21, no. 5-6, pp. 883-898. [9040]

Spronk, Rachel (2017): Invisible desires in Ghana and Kenya, in: Sexualities, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 883-898 [11699]


Guinea

Edwin, Kwame Otu (2020): Heteroerotic failure and “Afro-queer Futurity” in Mohamed Camara’s Dakan, in: Journal of African Cultural Studies, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 10-25. [11816]


Guinea Bisseau

Equaldex (2022): LGBT rights in Guinea Bissau, Equaldex, Los Angeles. [11955]


Ivory Coast

Equaldex (2022): LGBT rights in Ivory Coast, Equaldex, Los Angeles. [11957]


Kenya

Jjuuko, Adrian / Gloppen, Siri / Msosa, Alan / Viljoen, Frans (eds.) (2022): Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation, PULP, Pretoria. [11984]

Johnstone, Lyn (2021): Queer worldmaking in Wanuri Kahiu’s Film Rafiki, in: Journal of African Cultural Studies, vol. 33, issue 1, pp.39-50. [11812]

Murray, Stephen / Roscoe, Will (eds.) (1998): Boy wives and female husbands, Studies in African homosexualities, St. Martin’s Press, New York. [9041]

Mwangi, Evan (1998): Queer agency in Kenya’s digital media, in: African Studies Review, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 93-113. [9042]

Mwangi, Evan (2014): Queer agency in Kenya’s digital media, in: African Studies Review, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 93-113. [11701]

Okali, Dancun / Otieno, Frederick / Nyikuri, Mary et al. (2013): Men who have sex with men in Kisumu, Kenya, Support group membership and knowledge of Hiv-risk factors, in: Culture, Health and Sexuality, vol. 15, no. 7/8, pp. 968-980. [9043]

Shepherd, Gill (1987): Rank, gender, and homosexuality, Mombasa as a key to understand sexual options, in: Caplan, Pat (ed.): The cultural construction of sexuality, Routledge, London, pp. 240-270. [9044]

Sponk, Rachel (2018): Invisible desires in Ghana and Kenya, Same-sex erotic experience in cross-sex oriented lives, in: Sexualities, vol. 21, no. 5-6, pp. 883-898. [9045]

Sponk, Rachel (2017): Invisible desires in Ghana and Kenya, in: Sexualities, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 883-898 [11700]

Thirikwa, Jane Wothaya (2018): Emergent momentum for equality, LGBTI visibility and organising in Kenya, in: Mbaru, Monica / Tabengwa, Monica / Vance, Kim (eds.): Envisioning global LGBT human rights: (Neo)colonialim, neoliberalism, resistance and hope, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, pp. 307-322. [9046]

Van Klinken, Adriaan (2019): Kenyan, Christian, Queer, Religion, LGBTI activism, and arts of resistance in Africa, Penn State University Press, University Park. [9047]


Lesotho

Green-Simms, Lindsey / Z´étoile, Imma (2021): The possibilities and intimacies of Queer African screen cultures, in: Journal of African Cultural Studies, vol. 33, pp. 1-19. [11763]

Morgan, Ruth / Wieringa, Saskia (eds.) (2005): Tommy boys, Lesbian men and ancestral wives, Female same-sex practices in Africa, Jacana Media, Johannesburg. [9049]

Spurlin, William (2007): Imperialisms within the margins, Queer representation and the politics of culture in Southern Africa, Palgrave, New York. [9050]


Liberia

Tabengwa, Monica (2013): ‘It is nature, not a crime’, Discriminatory laws and LGBT people in Liberia, Human Rights Watch, London. [9048]


Madagascar

Equaldex (2022): LGBT rights in Madagascar, Equaldex, Los Angeles. [11953]


Malawi

Biruk, Crystal (2014): `Aid for gays´, The moral and the material in `African homophobia in post-2009 Malawi, in: Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 447–473. [11773]

Biruk, Crystal / Trapence, Gift (2018): Community engagement in an economy of harms, Reflections from an LGBTI-rights NGO in Malawi, in: Critical Public Health, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 340-351. [11772]

Chanika, Emmie / Lwanda, John / Muula, Adamson (2013): Gender, gays and gain, The sexualised politics of donor aid in Malawi, in: Africa Spectrum, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 89-105. [9051]

Currier, Ashley (2020): Politicizing sex in contemporary Afria, Homophobia in Malawi, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. [9052]

Currier, Ashley (2014): Arrested solidarity, Obstacles to intermovement support for LGBT rights in Malawi, in: WSQ Women´s Studies Quarterly, vol. 42, no. 3 and 4, pp. 146–163. [11774]

Englund, Harri (2021): Love and homophobia in Malawi´s spoken word poetry movement, in: Africa, vol. 91, no. 3, pp. 398-397. [11678]

Jjuuko, Adrian / Gloppen, Siri / Msosa, Alan / Viljoen, Frans (eds.) (2022): Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation, PULP, Pretoria. [11979]

Mawerenga, Jones Hamburu (2018): The homosexuality debate in Malawi, Mzuni Press, Zomba. [9053]

Xaba, Makhosazana / Biruk, Crystal / Gay and Lesbian Memory Action (2016): Proudly Malawian, Life stories from lesbian and gender-nonconforming individuals, MaThoko´s Books, Braamfontein/Johannesburg. [11723]


Mali

Broqua, Christophe (2020): On remuneration for homosexual practices in Bamako, in: Spronk, Rachel / Hendriks, Thomas (eds.): Readings in sexualities from Africa, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, pp. 206-219. [9054]


Mauritius

no entries to this combination of country and topic


Mozambique

Human Rights Council - United Nations (2019): Visit to Mozambique, Report of the Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, A/HRC/41/45/Add.2, Geneva. [11958]

Jjuuko, Adrian / Gloppen, Siri / Msosa, Alan / Viljoen, Frans (eds.) (2022): Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation, PULP, Pretoria. [11988]


Namibia

Currier, Ashley (2012): The aftermath of decolonization, Gender and sexual dissidence in postindependence Namibia, in: Signs, Journal of Women in Culture and Society, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 441-467. [11826]

Currier, Ashley (2010): Political homophobia in post-colonial Nambia, in: Gender and Society, vol. 24, pp. 110-129. [9055]

Currier, Ashley (2012): Out in Africa, LGBTI organzing in Namibia and South Africa, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis. [9056]

Falk, Kurt (1998): Homosexuality among the natives of Southwest Africa in: Murray, Stephen / Roscoe, Will (eds.): Boy wives and female husbands, Studies in African homosexualities, St. Martin’s Press, New York, pp. 187-196. [9057]

Frank, Liz / Khaxas, Elizabeth (1996): Lesbians in Namibia, in: Reinfelder, M. (ed.): Amazon to Zami, Towards a global lesbian feminism, Cassell, London, pp. 109-117. [9058]

Henrichsen, Dag (2007): ‘Krieg auf niedriger Stufe’, Schwul-lesbischer Alltag in Namibia, IZ3W, 300, pp. 40-41. [9059]

La Font, Suzanne (2007): Decolizing sexuality, in: Melber, Henning (ed.): Transitions in Namibia, Which changes for whom, Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala, pp. 245-260. [9060]

La Font, Suzanne / Hubbard, Diane (eds.) (2007): Unravelling taboos, Gender and sexuality, Legal Assistance Centre, Windhoek. [9061]

Lorway, Robert (2006): Dispelling `heterosexual African AIDS´ in Namibia, Same?sex sexuality in the township of Katutura,in: Culture, Health & Sexuality, 8, 5, pp. 435-449. [11824]

Lorway, Robert (2006): Dispelling heterosexual African AIDS in Namibia, Same-sex sexuality in the township of Katutura, in: Culture, Health and Society, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 435-449. [9062]

Lorway, Robert (2014): Namibia’s rainbow project, Gay rights in an African nation, Unversity of Indiana Press, Bloomington. [9063]

Lorway, Robert (2008): Defiant desire in Namibia, Female sexual-gender transgression and the making of politica being, in: American Ethnologist, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 20-33. [9064]

Morgan, Ruth / Wieringa, Saskia (eds.) (2005): Tommy boys, Lesbian men and ancestral wives, Female same-sex practices in Africa, Jacana Media, Johannesburg. [9065]


Niger

Equaldex (2022): LGBT rights in Niger, Equaldex, Los Angeles. [11956]


Nigeria

Amusan, Lere / Saka, Luqman / Muinat, Adekeye (2019): Gay rights and the politics of anti-homosexuality legislation in Africa, Insights from Uganda and Nigeria, in: Journal of African Union Studies, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 45-66. [9066]

Azuah, Unoma (2016): Blessed body, The secret lives of Nigerian lesbians, gay, bisexual and transgender, Cooking Pot Publishing, Jackson TN. [9067]

Gaudio, Rudolf (2005): Male lesbians and other queen notions in Hausa, in: Cornwall, Andrea (ed.): Readings in gender in Africa, James Currey, Oxford, pp. 47-52. [9068]

Green-Simms, Lindsey (2016): The emergent queer, Homosexuality and Nigerian fiction in the 21st Century, in: Research in African Literatures, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 139-161. [11745]

Hawley, John C. (ed.) (2018): Queer theory in film and fiction, African Literature Today, ALT 36, James Currey, Melton. [9069]

Jjuuko, Adrian / Gloppen, Siri / Msosa, Alan / Viljoen, Frans (eds.) (2022): Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation, PULP, Pretoria. [11981]

Matebeni, Zethu / Munro, Surya / Reddy, Vasu (eds.) (2018): Queer in Africa, LGBTQI Identities, Citizenship, and Activism, Routledge, London. [11843]

Munro, Brenna (2017): States of emergence, Writing African female same-sex sexuality, in: Journal of Lesbian Studies, vol. 21, issue 2, pp. 186-203 [11688]

Oloruntoba-Oju, Diekara (2021): ‘Like a drag or something’, Central texts as the pioneering forefront of contemporary Nigerian queerscapes, in: Africa, vol. 91, no. 3, pp. 418-433. [11686]

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Rwanda

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Senegal

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Sierra Leone

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Somalia

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Swarr, Amanda L. / Nagar, Richa (2004): Dismantling assumptions, Interrogating "lesbian" struggles for identity and survival in India and South Africa, in: Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, vol.29, no.2, pp. 491-516. [9158]

Swarr, Amanda Lock (2004): Moffies, artists, and queens, Race and the production of South African gay male drag, in: Journal of Homosexuality, vol. 46, no. 3-4, pp. 73-89. [9156]

Swarr, Amanda Lock (2012): Sex in transition, Remaking gender and race in South Africa, State University of New York Press, Albany. [9157]

Talmor, Ruti (2013): From the margins you push so that the centre implodes, Queer media in South Africa, in: GLQ, a Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 383-403. [11755]

The Other Foundation (2016): Progressive prudes, A survey of attitudes towards homosexuality and gender non-conformity in South Africa, The Other Foundation, Johannesburg. [11802]

Thoreson, Ryan Richard (2013): Beyond equality: The post-apartheid counternarrative of trans and intersex movements in South Africa, in: African Affairs, vol. 112, no. 449, pp. 646-665. [11844]

Thoreson, Ryan Richard (2008): Somewhere over the rainbow nation, Gay, Lesbian and bi-sexual activism in South Africa, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 679-698. [9159]

Tsampiras, Carla (2008): Not so 'gay' after all, Constructing (homo)sexuality in AIDS research in the South African Medical Journal, 1980-1990, in: South African Historical Journal, vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 477-499. [9160]

Ttobie, Cheryl (2003): Somewhere in the double rainbow, Queering the nation in recent South African fiction, in: Current Writing, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 117-137. [9161]

Ttobie, Cheryl (2003): Reading bi-sexuality from the South African perspective, in: Journal of Bisexuality, 3, 1, pp. 33-52. [9162]

Turner, Irina (2008): Comprehending gender issues through photography, A South African case study, Verlag Dr. Müller, Saarbrücken. [9163]

Van Zyl, Mikki (2011): Are same-sex marriages unAfrican? Same-sex relationships and belonging in post-apartheid South Africa, in: Journal of Social Issues, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 335–357. [11788]

van Zyl, Mikki / de Gruchy, Jeanell / Reid, Graeme et al. (1999): The Aversion Project, Human Rights Abuses of Gays and Lesbians in the South African Defence Force by Health Workers During the Apartheid Era, Cape Town [11832]

Visser, Gustav (2010): Gay men, tourism and urban space, Reflections on Africa´s `gay capital´, in: Tourism Geographies, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 168-189. [11781]

Visser, Gustav (2003): Gay men, leisure space and South African cities, The case of Cape Town, in: Geoforum, vol. 34, pp. 113-122. [9164]

Visser, Gustav (2008): Exploratory notes on the geography of black gay leisure spaces in Bloemfontein, South Africa, in: Urban Forum, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 413-423. [9165]

Ward, Kevin (2013): Religious institutions and actors and religious attitudes to homosexual rights, South Africa and Uganda, in: Institute of Commonwealth Studies: Human rights, sexual orientation and gender identity in the Commonwealth, London. [9166]

Wildenboer, Hermi (2000): The status of same-sex unions in South Africa, in: South African Journal of International Affairs, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 54-62. [9167]

Wolhuter, Lorraine (1997): Equality and the concept of difference, Same-sex marriages in the light of the final constitution, in: South African Law Journal, vol. 114, no. 2, pp. 389-411. [9168]

Yarbrough, Michael (2020): A new twist on the ‘un-african’ script, Representing gay and lesbian African weddings in democratic South Africa, in: Africa Today, vol. 67, no. 1, pp. 48-71. [9169]


South Sudan

Human Dignity Trust (2020): Country profile: South Sudan, Human Dignity Trust, London. [11944]


Sudan

Human Dignity Trust (2020): Country profile: Sudan, Human Dignity Trust, London. [11943]

Jjuuko, Adrian / Gloppen, Siri / Msosa, Alan / Viljoen, Frans (eds.) (2022): Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation, PULP, Pretoria. [11985]


Swaziland / Eswatini

Matebeni, Zethu / Monro, Surya / Reddy, Vasu (eds.) (2018): Queer in Africa, LGBTQI Identities, Citizenship, and Activism, Routledge, London. [11841]


Tanzania

Human Dignity Trust (2020): Country Profile: Tanzania, Human Dignity Trust, London. [11946]


The Congo

Equaldex (2022): LGBT rights in the Republic of the Congo, Equaldex, Los Angeles. [11954]


Togo

Human Dignity Trust (2020): Country profile: Togo, Human Dignity Trust, London. [11945]


Uganda

Amusan, Lere / Saka, Luqman / Muinat, Adekeye (2019): Gay rights and the politics of anti-homosexuality legislation in Africa, Insights from Uganda and Nigeria, in: Journal of African Union Studies, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 45-66. [9170]

Boyd, Lydia (2013): The problem with freedom, Homosexuality and human rights in Uganda, in: Anthropology Quarterly, vol. 86, no. 3, pp. 697-724. [9171]

Hawley, John C. (ed.) (2018): Queer theory in film and fiction, African Literature Today, ALT 36, James Currey, Melton. [9172]

Jjuuko, Adrian (2020): Strategic litigation and the struggle for lesbian, gay and bisexual equality in Africa, Daraja Press, Ottawa. [12151]

Kintu, Deborah (2021): The Ugandan morality crusade, The brutal campaign against homosexuality and pornography under Yoweri Museveni, McFarland and Company Publishers, Jefferson NC. [9173]

Morgan, Ruth / Wieringa, Saskia (eds.) (2005): Tommy boys, Lesbian men and ancestral wives, Female same-sex practices in Africa, Jacana Media, Johannesburg. [9174]

Nyanzi, Stella / Karamagi, Andrew (2015): The social-political dynamics of the anti-homosexuality legislation in Uganda, in: Agenda, 29, 1, pp. 24-38. [12185]

Rodriguez, S.M. (2019): The economies of queer inclusion, Transnational organizing for LGBTI rights in Uganda, Lexington Books, Lanham. [12129]

Sadgrove, Joanna / Vanderbeck, Robert et al. (2012): Morality plays and money matters, Towards a situated understanding of the politics of homosexuality in Uganda, in: Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 50, no. 1, pp 103-129. [11845]

Tamale, Sylvia (2007): Out of the closet, Unveiling sexuality discourses in Uganda, in: Cole, Catherine / Takyiwaa / Miescher, Stephan (eds.): Africa after gender? Indiana University Press, Bloomington, pp. 17-29. [9175]

van Klinken, Adriaan / Stiebert, Johanna / Sebyala, Brian / Hudson, Frederick (eds.) (2021): Sacred Queer Stories, Ugandan LGBTQ+ Refugee Lives & the Bible, Boydell and Brewer, Rochester/Suffolk. [11682]


Zambia

Jjuuko, Adrian / Gloppen, Siri / Msosa, Alan / Viljoen, Frans (eds.) (2022): Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation, PULP, Pretoria. [11987]

Van Klinken, Adriaan (2013): Gay rights, the devil and the end times, public religion and the enchantment of the homosexuality debate in Zambia, in: Religion, 43, 4, pp. 519?540. [11823]

van Klinken, Adriaan (2014): Homosexuality, Politics and Pentecostal Nationalism in Zambia, in: Studies in World Christianity, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 259–281. [11846]

Van Klinken, Adriaan (2020): Homosexuality, politics, and pentecostal nationalim in Zambia, in: Spronk, Rachel / Hendriks, Thomas (eds.): Readings in sexualities from Africa, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, pp. 269-282. [9178]


Zimbabwe

Aarmo, Margarete (1999): How homosexuality became "un-african?"", The case of Zimbabwe, Blackwood E. / Wieringa S. E. (eds.): Female desires, Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 255-280. [9179]

Connor, Jonathan (2011): Development for whom? Homosexuality and faith-based development in Zimbabwe, in: Development in Practice, vol. 21, no. 6. pp. 860-869. [9180]

Epprecht, Marc (1999): The gay oral history project in Zimbabwe, Black empowerment, human rights and the research process, in: History in Africa, vol. 26, pp. 25-41. [9181]

Epprecht, Marc (2000): The ‘unsaying’ of homosexualities among indigenous black Zimbabweans, Mapping a blind spot in an African masculinity, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 24, pp. 631-651. [9182]

Epprecht, Marc (2004): Hungochani, The history of a dissident sexuality in Southern Africa, McGill-Queens University Press, Montreal. [9183]

Epprecht, Marc (2005): Black skin, “cowboy” masculinity: A genealogy of homophobia in the African nationalist movement in Zimbabwe to 1983, in: Culture, Health and Sexuality, special issue on African Sexualities, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 253-266. [9184]

Evans, Henri-Count / Mawere, Tinashe (2021): "Even god gave up on them": A deconstruction of homosexuality discourses in Zimbabwe´s online locales, in: Journal of Homosexuality, 69, 7, pp. 1-24 [12159]

Melber, Henning (1995): Gays and lesbians in Zimbabwe, in: SAPEM, August, 1995, pp. 53-54. [9185]

Muparamoto N. / Moen K. (2020): Gay, ngochani, ordaa, gumutete and mwana waEriza, globalised and localised identity labels among same-sex attracted men in Harare, Zimbabwe, in: Culture Health Sex, pp. 1-15 [11693]

Muparamoto, Nelson (2020): LGBT individuals and the struggle against Robert Mugabe´s extirpation in Zimbabwe, in: African Review, vol. 13, no. 2, pp.1-16. [11694]

Muparamoto, Nelson / Moen, Kare (2021): Taraidiwa, we have been raided, Effect of and meaning ascribed to an assault on an LGBTI function in Harare, Zimbabwe, in: Journal of Homosexuality, pp.1-15. [11695]

Muparemoto, Nelson (2021): “Lezibian/mulezi”, adoption of “globalized” lesbian identity and secondary self-labels among same-sex attracted women in Harare, in: Lesbian Studies, vol. 26. [11692]

Youde, Jeremy (2017): Patriotic history and anti-LGBT rhetoric in Zimbabwean politics, in: Canadian Journal of African Studies, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 61-79. [9186]

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