Literature Database on Gender in Subsahara Africa

Barker, Gary / Ricardo, Christine (2005): Young men and the construction of masculinity in Sub-Saharan Africa, Implications for HIV/AIDS, conflict and violence, Social Development Papers, no. 26, Conflict Prevention and Reconstruction, World Bank, Washington D.C. [9200]

Cleaver, F. (ed.) (2006): Making men matter, Men, masculinities and gender relations in development, Zed Books, London. [9201]

Cornwall, Andrea / Wellbourne, Alice (eds.) (2002): Realizing rights, Transforming approaches to sexual and reproductive health and well-being, Zed Books, London. [9203]

Cornwell, Andrea / Lindisfarne, Nancy (eds.) (1994): Dislocating masculinity, Comparative ethnographies, Routledge, New York. [9202]

Epprecht, Marc (1998): Uncovering masculinity in Southern African History, in: Review of Southern African Studies, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 117-142. [9204]

Epprecht, Marc (2000): Theorizing gender and feminisms in contemporary Africa, in: African Studies, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 23-41. [9205]

Epprecht, Marc (2002): Enriching gender studies in Sub-Saharan Africa, in: Canadian Journal of African Studies, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 119-123. [9206]

Epstein, Debbie (1998): Marked men, Whiteness and masculinity, in: Agenda, no. 37, pp. 49-59. [9207]

Epstein, Debbie (1998): Uncovering masculinity in Southern African History, in: Review of Southern African Studies, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 118-134. [9208]

Epstein, Debbie (2004): Hungochani, The history of a dissident sexuality in Southern Africa, Queens`s University Press, Montreal. [9209]

Gibson, D. / Hardon, A. (eds.) (2005): Rethinking masculinities, violence and AIDS, Issues related to health, Het Spinhuis, Amsterdam. [9210]

Gutman, M.C. (1997): Trafficking in men, The anthropology of masculinity, in: Annual Review of Anthropology, vol. 26, pp. 385-409. [9211]

Jones, Adam (ed.) (2006): Men of the global South, A reader, Zed Books, London. [9212]

Judge, Melanie. (2005): For better or worse? Same-sex marriage and the (re)making of hegemonic masculinities and femininities in South Africa, in: Agenda, pp. 67–73. [12181]

Lindsay, Lisa / Miescher, Stephen (eds.) (2003): Men and masculinity in modern Africa, Heinemann Publishers, London. [9213]

Mazrui, Ali (ed.) (1977): The warrior tradition in modern Africa, Brill Publishers, Leiden. [9214]

Mugambi, Nabasuta Helen / Allan, Tuzyline Jita (eds.) (2010): Masculinities in African literature and cultural texts, Lynne Rienner, Boulder [9215]

Ngom, Pierre (1997): Men’s unmet need for family planning, Implications for African fertility in transitions, in: Studies in Family Planning, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 192-202. [9216]

Ocaya-Lakidi, Dent (1979): Manhood, warriorhood and sex in Eastern Africa, in: Journal of Asian and African Studies, pp. 134-165. [9217]

Ouzgane, Lahoucine / Okome, Onookome (2007): Men and masculinities in African film and fiction, James Currey Publishers, Oxford. [9218]

Ratele, Kopano (2014): Hegemonic African masculinities and men´s heterosexual lives: Some uses for homophobia, in: African Studies Review vol. 57, pp. 115-30. [11741]

Schulz, Dorothea / Janson, Marloes (2016): Introduction, Religion and masculinities in Africa, in: Journal of Religion in Africa, vol. 46, no. 2-3, pp. 201-209. [9219]

Silberschmidt, Margarete (2001): Disempowerment of men in rural and urban East Africa, Implications for male identity and sexual behaviours, in: World Development, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 657-671. [9220]

Silberschmidt, Margarete (2004): Masculinities, sexuality and socio-economic change in rural and urban East Africa, in: Arnfred, Signe (ed.): Re-thinking sexuality in Africa, Publications of the Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala, pp. 233-248. [9221]

Silverman, E. (2004): Anthropology and circumcision, in: Annual Review of Anthropology, vol. 33, pp. 419-445. [9222]

Uchendu, Egodi (ed.) (2008): Masculinities in contemporary Africa, CODESRIA, Dakar. [9223]

Wachter, Kurt (2006): Fußball in Afrika, Kolonialismus, Nationsbildung und Männlichkeiten, in: Kreisky, Eva / Spitaler, Georg (eds.): Arena der Männlichkeiten, Über das Verhältnis von Fußball und Geschlecht, Campus Verlag, Frankfurt a.M., pp. 277-295. [9224]

Lowndes, Catherine / Alary, Michel et. al. (2000): Management of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV prevention in men at high risk, Targeting clients and non-paying sexual partners of female sex workers in Benin, in: AIDS, vol. 14, no. 10, pp. 2523-2534. [9225]

Pattmann, Rob (2002): Men make a difference, The construction of gendered student identities at the University of Botswana, in: Agenda, no. 53, pp. 33-42. [9226]

Pattmann, Rob (2005): ‘Ugandans’, ‘cats’ and others, Constructing student masculinities at the University of Botswana, in: Ouzgane, Lahoucine / Morrell, Robert (eds.): African masculinities, Men in Africa from the nineteenth century to the present, Palgrave MacMillan, New York, pp. 221-235. [9227]

Van de Walle, Francine / Traore, Baba (1986): Attitudes of women and men towards contraception in Bobo-Dioulasso, African Demography Working Paper 13, Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. [9228]

Konde, Emmanuel (1990): The use of women for the empowerment of men in African nationalist politics, The 1928 “Anlu” in Cameroon, Working Paper, no. 147, African Studies Centre, Boston. [9229]

Baaz, Maria Eriksson / Stern, Maria (2011): Whores, men and other misfits, Undoing ‚feminisation’ in the armed forces in the DRC, in: African Affairs, vol. 110, nol 441, pp. 563-585. [9230]

Cuvelier, Jeron (2014): Work and masculinity in Katanga’s artisanal mines, in: Afrika Spectrum, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 3-26. [9231]

Higate, Paul (2004): Gender and peacekeeping, Case studies: The Democratic Republic of Congo and Sierra Leone, ISS Monograph Series, no. 91, Publications of the Institute of Security Studies, Pretoria. [9232]

Higate, Paul / Henry, Marsha (1004): Engendering (in)security in peacekeeping operations, in: Security Dialogue, vol. 35, no. 4, S.481-498. [9233]

Mechanic, Eli (2004): Why gender still matters, Sexual violence and the need to confront militarized masculinity, A case study of the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Partnership Africa Canada, Ottawa. [9234]

Pype, Katrien (2007): Fighting boys, Strong men and gorillas, Notes on the imagination of masculinities in Kinshasa, in: Africa, vol. 77, no. 2. [9235]

Women for Women International (2007): Ending violence against women in Eastern Congo, Preparing men to advocate for women’s rights, Women for Women International, Washington D.C. [9236]

Schneider, Matthias (2021): Marginlisierte Flucht Männlichkeit? Lebensgeschichtliche (Re-)Konstruktion von Männlichkeit im Kontext der Flucht aus Eritrea, in: Z’Flucht, Jg. 5, H. 1, pp. 77-108. [11676]

Jones, Adam (ed.) (2006): Men of the global South, A reader, Zed Books, London. [9237]

Levine, Donald (1966): The concept of masculinity in Ethiopian culture, in: International Journal of Social Psychatry, vol. 12, pp. 17-23. [9238]

Mekonnen, T. (1997): Male orientation and / or male domination among the Aari and the Oromo, in: Hemispheres, vol. 11, pp. 754-86. [9239]

Tadele, Feleke (2001): Men in the kitchen, Women in the office? Working on gender issues in Ethiopia, in: Sweetman, Caroline (ed.): Men’s involvement in gender and development policy and practice, Beyond rhetoric, Oxfam Publications, Oxford, pp. 16-19. [9240]

Taele, Gednet (2006): Bleak prospects, Young men, sexuality, and HIV/AIDS in an Ethiopian town, Research Reports, no. 80, African Studies Centre, Leiden. [9241]

Terefe, Almaz / Larson, Charles (1993): Modern contraception in Ethiopia, Does involving husbands make a difference?, in: American Journal of Public Health, vol. 83, no. 11, (1), pp. 567-571. [9242]

Rich, Jeremy (2006): My matrimonial bureau, Masculine concerns and Presbyterian mission evangelizsation in the Gabon Estuary, ca. 1900-1915, in: Journal of Religion in Africa, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 200-223. [9243]

Ampofo, Akosua Adomako (1999): Nice guys, condoms, and other forms of STDs protection: Sex workers and AIDS protection in West Africa, in: Becker, Charles / Dozon, Jean-Pierre / Obbo, Christine (eds.): Experiencing and understanding AIDS in Africa, CODESRIA, Dakar. [9244]

Ampofo, Akosua Adomako (2001): `When men speak women listen', Gender socialisation and young adolescents' attitudes to sexual and reproductive issues, in: African Journal of Reproductive Health, vol. 5, pp. 196-212. [9245]

Anane, M. (1999): Religion, men and HIV/AIDS in Ghana, in: Foreman, M. (ed.): AIDS and men, Zed Books, London. [9246]

Asante-Darko, N. / Sjaak van der Geest (1983): Male chauvinism: Men and women in Ghanaian highlife songs, in: Oppong, Ch. (ed.): Female and male in West Africa, Routlege Publications, London, pp. 242-255. [9247]

Breitenbach, Paul (1979): The women on the beach and the men in the bush: Leadership and adepthood in the Tweleve Apostle Movement in Ghana, in: Jules-Rosette, Benetta (ed.): The new religions of Africa, Noorwood, pp. 99-125. [9248]

Miescher, Stephan (2005): ‘Called to work for the kingdom of god’: The challenges of Presbyterian masculinities in colonial Ghana, in: Cornwall, Andrea (ed.): Readings in gender in Africa, James Currey, Oxford, pp. 187-195. [9249]

Miescher, Stephan (2006): Making men in Ghana, Indiana University Press, Bloomington. [9250]

Miescher, Stephan (2007): Becoming an Opanyin, Elders, geder, and masculinities in Ghana since the nineteenth century, in: Cole, Catherine / Manuh, Takyiwaa / Miescher, Stephan (eds.): Africa after gender? Indiana Unviersity Press, Bloomington, pp. 253-269. [9251]

Newell, Stephanie (1998): Those men and empty headed men, The shifting representation of wealth in two Ghanaian popular novels, in: Review of International Literature in English, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 141-166. [9252]

Overa, Ragnhild (2007): When men do women’s work, Structural adjustment, unemployment and changing gender relations in the informal economy of Accra, Ghana, in: Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 539-563. [9253]

N'Gbichi, J.M. et al. (1995): HIV status of female sex partners of men reactive to HIV-1, HIV-2 or both viruses in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, in: AIDS, vol. 9, pp. 951-954. [9254]

Dodoo, F.N. (1998): Men matter, Additive and interactive gender preferences, amd reproductive behaviour in Kenya, in: Demography, 359, 2, pp. 229-242. [9255]

Dodoo, F.N. / Ampofo, Adomako A. et al. (2001): AIDS related knowledge and behaviour among married Kenyan men, A behavioral paradox? in: Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 197-231. [9256]

Edgerton, Robert / Conant, Frances (1964): Kilapat, The “shaming party” among the Pokot of East Africa, in: South Western Journal of Anthropology, 20, pp. 404-418. [9257]

Heald, Suzette (1995): The power of sex, Some reflections on the Caldwell’s African sexuality thesis, in: Africa, 65, 4, pp. 489-505. [9258]

Hodgson, Dorothy (1999): „Once intrepid warriors“: Modernity and the production of Maasai masculinities, in: Ethnology, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 121-150.. [9259]

Hodgson, Dorothy (1999): Engendered encounters, Men of the church and the „church“ of women in Maasailand, Tanzania, 1950-1993, in: Comparative Studies in Society and History, 41, 4, pp. 758-783. [9260]

Jaji, Rose (2009): Masculinity on unstable ground: Young refugee men in Nairobi, Kenya, in: Journal of Refugee Studies, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 177–194. [12072]

Jones, Adam (ed.) (2006): Men of the global South, A reader, Zed Books, London. [9261]

Kiama, W. (1999): Men who have sex with men in Kenya, in: Foreman, M. (ed.): AIDS and men, Zed Books, London. [9262]

Kim, Young / Kols, Adrienne / Awasum, D. (2000): Differences in counseling men and women: Family planning in Kenya, in: Patient Education and Counseling, vol. 39, pp. 37-47. [9263]

Lamphear, John (1998): Brothers in arms, Military aspects of East African age-class systems in historical perspective, in: Kurimoto, Eisei / Simonse, Simon (eds.): Conflict, age and power in North-East Africa, Age systems in transtition, James Currey, Oxford, pp. 79-97. [9264]

Longfield, Kim / Glieck, Anne / Berman, John (2004): Relationships between older men and younger women, Implications for STD/HIV in Kenya, in: Studies in Family Planning, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 125-134. [9265]

Mutongi, Kenda (1999): Worries of the heart: Widowed mothers, daughters and masculinities in Maragoli, Western Kenya, 1950-1960, in: Journal of African History, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 67-86. [9266]

Ntarangwi, Mwenda (1998): Feminism and masculinity in an African capitalist context, The case of Kenya, in: Safere, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 19-32. [9267]

Ntarangwi, Mwenda (2003): Gender, identity and performance, Understanding Swahili cultural realities through song, Africa World Press, Trenton. [9268]

Nzioka, C. (2001): Perspectives of adolescent boys on the risks of unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, Kenya, in: Reproductive Health Matters, 9, 17, pp. 108-117. [9269]

Odame, Hambly Helen (2002): Men in women’s groups, A gender and agency analyis of local institutions, in: Kimmel, Michael (ed.): Masculinities matter! Men, gender and development, Zed Books, London, pp. 138-165. [9270]

Silberschmidt, Margrethe (1991): Rethinking men and gender relations. An investigation of men, their changing roles within the household, and the implications for gender relations in Kisii District, Kenya, Centre for Development Research, CDR Research Report 16, Copenhagen. [9271]

Silberschmidt, Margrethe (1992): Have men become weaker? Changes of life situations in Kisii District, Kenya, in: Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 237-253. [9272]

Silberschmidt, Margrethe (1999): Women forget that men are the masters, Gender antagonism and socio-economic change in Kisii District, Kenya, Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala. [9273]

Silberschmidt, Margrethe (2001): Disempowerment of men in rural and urban East Africa, Implications for male identity and sexual behaviour, in: World Development, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 657-671. [9274]

Silberschmidt, Margrethe (2005): Poverty, male disempowerment, and male sexuality, in: Ouzgane, Lahoucine / Morrell, Robert (eds.): African masculinities, Men in Africa from the nineteenth century to the present, Palgrave MacMillan, New York, pp. 189-203. [9275]

Swartz, Marc (1982): The isolation of men and the happiness of women, Sources and uses of power in Swahili marital relations, in: Journal of Anthropological Research, vol. 38, pp. 26-44. [9276]

Van Stapele, Naiomi (2021): Providing to belong, Masculinities, hustling and economic uncertainty in Nairobi ‘ghetttos’, in: Africa, vol. 91, no. 1, pp. 57-76. [11679]

Van Stapele, Naomi (2010): Maisha bora, kwa nani? A cool life, for whom? Mediations of masculinitiy, ethnicity, and violence in a Nairobi slum, in: Kapteijns, Lidwien / Richters, Annemiek (eds.): Mediations of violence in Africa, Brill Publishers, Leiden, pp. 107-140. [12113]

White, L. (1990): Separating the men from the boys, Constructing gender, sexuality and terrorism in central Kenya, 1939-1959, in: International Journal of African Historical Studies, 23,4, pp. 1-25. [9278]

Wood, John Colman (1999): Where men are women: Manhood among the Gabra Nomads of East Africa, Madison, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. [9277]

Moran, Mary (1997): Warriors or soldiers? Masculinity and ritual transvestism in the Liberian civil war, in: Lamphere, Louise / Rangoné, Helena / Zavella, Patricia (eds.): Situated lives, Gender and culture in everyday life, Routledge, London, pp. 440-450. [12106]

Chakanza, J.E. (ed.) (2005): Initiation rites for boys in Momwe society in Malawi and other essays, Kachere Publishers, Blantyre. [9279]

Schulz, Dorothea (2016): Competing assertions of Muslim masculinties in contemporary Mali, in: Journal of Religion in Africa, vol. 46, no. 2-3, pp. 219-250. [9280]

Agadjanian, Victor (2002): Men's talk about `women matters': Gender, communication, and contraception in urban Mozambique, in: Gender and Society, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 194-215. [9281]

Agadjanian, Victor (2002): Men doing `women's work': Masculinity and gender relations among street vendors in Maputo, Mozambique, in: Journal of Men, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 329-342. [9282]

Groes-Green, Christian (2009): Hegemonic and subordinated masculinities, Class, violence and sexual performance among young Mozambican men, in: Nordic Journal of African Studies, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 286-304. [9283]

Becker, Heike (2000): Becoming men, Masculine identities among young men in two Namibian locations, in: Development Update, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 15-21. [9284]

Becker, Heike (2006): ‘I am the man’, Historical and contemporary perspectives on masculinity in Northern Namibia, in: Gibson, D. / Hardon, A. (eds.): Masculinity, violence and AIDS, Issues related to health, Het Spinhuis, Amsterdam, pp. 19-43. [9285]

McKittrick, Meredith (1996): The ‘burden’ of young men: Property and generational conflict in Namibia, 1880-1945, in: African Economic History, 24, pp. 115-129. [9286]

McKittrick, Meredith (1998): Generational struggle and social mobility in Western Ovambo communities, 1915-1954, in: Patricia Hayes et al. (eds.), Namibia under South African rule. Mobility and containment, 1915-1946, James Currey, Oxford, pp. 241-262. [9287]

Odendaal, W. (2001): The men against violence movement in Namibia, in: Development, 44, 3, pp. 90-93. [9288]

Isigu-Abanihe, Uche (1994): Reproductive motivation and family-size preference among Nigerian men, in: Studies in Family Planning, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 163-174. [9289]

Iyam, D. (1996): „Full“ men and powerful „women“: The reconstruction of gender status among the biase of Southeastern Nigeria, in: Canadian Journal of African Studies, vol. 30, pp. 387-408. [9290]

Kaplan, Flora Edouwaye (1990): Männerdienst und Geheimnis am Königshof von Benin, in: Völger, Gisela / von Welck, Karin (eds.): Ethnologica, vol. 15, no. 1, Cologne, pp. 25-32. [9291]

Kleis, Gerald / Abdullahi, Salisu (1983): Masculine power and gender ambiguity in urban Hausa society, in: African Urban Studies, vol. 16, pp. 39-53. [9297]

Lindsay, Lisa (1998): ‘No need ... to think of home’? Masculinity and domestic life on the Nigerian railway, c.1940-1961, in: Journal of African History, vol. 39, pp. 439-466. [9292]

Lindsay, Lisa (1999): Domesticity and difference, Male breadwinners, working women and colonial citizenship in the 1945 Nigerian strike, in: American Historical Review, vol.104, no. 3, pp. 783-812. [9293]

Lindsay, Lisa (2003): Money, marriage and masculinity on the colonial Nigerian railway, in: Lindsey, Lisa / Miescher, Stephan (eds.): Men and masculinities in modern Africa, Heinemann Publishers, London. [9294]

Lindsay, Lisa (2003): Working with gender, Wage labour and social change in Southwestern Nigeria, Heinemann, Porthmouth. [9295]

Lindsay, Lisa (2007): Working with gender, The emergence of the ‘male breadwinner’ in colonial Southwestern Nigeria, in: Cole, Catherine / Manuh, Takyiwaa / Miescher, Stephan (eds.): Africa after gender? Indiana Unviersity Press, Bloomington, pp. 241-252. [9296]

Njung, George (2020): Amputated men, colonial bureaucracy, and masculinity in post-World War I colonial Nigeria, in: Journal of Social History, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 620-643. [9298]

Ogunjimi, Bayo (1997): Masculinity: The military, women and cultural politics in Nigeria, in: Newell, Stephanie (ed.): Writing African Women: Gender, popular culture and literature in West Africa, Zed Books, London. [9299]

Orobaton, Nosa (2000): Dimensions of sexuality among Nigerian men, Implications for fertility and reproductive health, in: Bledsoe, Caroline / Lerner, Susana / Guyer, Jane (eds.): Fertility and the male life-cycle in the era of fertility decline, Oxford University Press, Oxford. [9300]

Smith, Daniel Jordan (2017): To be a man is not a one-day job, Masculinity, money, and intimacy in Nigeria, University of Chicago Press, Chicago. [11654]

Sommers, Marc (2006): In the shadow of genocide, Rwanda’s youth challenge, in: McEvoy-Levy, Siobhán (ed.): Trouble makers or peace makers, University of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dam (Ind.), pp. 81-98. [9301]

Sommers, Marc (2006): Fearing Africa’s young men, The case of Rwanda, Social Development Papers, Conflict Prevention and Reconstruction, CPR Paper no. 32, The World Bank, Washington D.C. [9302]

Van Eerdewijk, Anouka (2005): Being a man, Young masculinities and safe sex in Dakar, in: Davies, Tine / van Driel, Francien (eds.): The gender question of globalization, Changing perspectives and practices, Ashgate Publishers, Aldershot, pp. 59-76. [9303]

Leopold, R. S. (1983): The shaping of men and the making of metaphors, The meaning of white clay in Poro and Sande initiation society rituals, in: Anthropology, vol 7, no. 2, pp. 21-42. [9304]

Gardner, J. / El-Bushra, J. (2016): The impact of war on Somali men and its effects on the family, women and children, PSRP Briefing Paper No. 12, The Rift Valley Institute, Nairobi. [11921]

Keynan, Hassan (2000): Male roles and the making of the Somali tragegy, in: Breines, Ingeborg / Connell, Robert / Eide, Ingrid (eds.): Male roles, masculinities and violence, A culture of peace perspective, UNESCO Publishing, Paris, S.189-199. [9305]

Abrahmas, Naeema / Jewkes, Rachel (1997): Men on violence against women, in: Urbanisation and Health Newsletter, no. 34, pp. 13-19. [9306]

Abrahmas, Naeema / Jewkes, Rachel (2004): Sexual violence against intimate partners in Cape Town, Prevalence and risk factors reported by men, in: Bulletin of the World Health Organisation, 82, pp. 330-337. [9307]

Abrahmas, Naeema / Jewkes, Rachel (2005): What is the impact of witnessing mother abuse during childhood on South African men’s violence as adults? in: American Journal of Public Health, 95, pp. 1811-1816. [9308]

Albertyn, Catherine / Hassim, Shireen (2003): The boundaries of democracy, Gender, HIV and culture, in: Everatt, D. / Maphai, V. (ed.): The real state of the nation, South Africa after 1990, Johannesburg, pp. 137-164. [9309]

Anderson, Bronwynne (2010): You are not a man if you hit a girl, Coloured high-school boys articulating more peaceable expressions of heterosexual masculinity, in: Agenda, vol. 24, no. 83, pp. 68-81. [11852]

Bank, Leslie (1994): Angry men and working women: Gender, violence and economic change in Qwaqwa in the 1980s, in: African Studies, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 89-114. [9310]

Beinart, William (1991): The origins of indlavini - Male associations and migrant labour in the Transkei, in: African Studies, vol. 50, no. 1-2, pp. 103-128. [9311]

Beinart, William (1992): Political and collective violence in Southern African historiography, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 455-486. [9312]

Bhana, Deevia (2005): Violence and gendered negotiations of masculinity among young black school boys in South Africa, in: Ouzgane, Lahoucine / Morrell, Robert (eds.): African masculinities, Men in Africa from the nineteenth century to the present, Palgrave MacMillan, New York, pp. 205-220. [9313]

Bonner, Philip (1988): Family, crime and political consciousness on the East Rand, 1939-1955, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 393-420. [9314]

Bonner, Philip (1993): The Russians on the Reef, 1947-1957, Urbanisation, Gang warfare and ethnic mobilisation, in: Bonner, Philip / Delius, Peter / Posel, Deborah (eds.): Apartheid genesis, 1935-1962, Ravan Press / Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, pp. 160-194. [9315]

Campbell, Catherine (1992): Learning to kill? Masculinity, the family and violence in Natal, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 614-628. [9316]

Campbell, Catherine (1997): Migrancy, masculine identities and AIDS, The psychological context of HIV transmission on the South African gold mines, in: Social Science and Medicine, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 273-281. [9317]

Campbell, Catherine (2001): ‘Going underground and going after women’, Masculinity and HIV transmission amongst black workers on the gold mines, in: Morrell, Robert (ed.): Changing men in Southern Africa, Zed Books, London, pp. 275-286. [9318]

Campbell, Catherine / MacPhail, Catherine (2001): ‘I think condoms are good but, aai, I hate those things’: Condome use among adolescents and young people in a Southern African township, in: Social Science and Medicine, vol. 52, pp. 1613-1627. [9319]

Campbell, Catherine / MacPhail, Catherine (2002): Peer education, gender and development of critical consciousness, Participatory HIV prevention by South African youth, in: Social Science and Medicine, vol. 55, pp. 331-345. [9320]

Carton, Benedict (1998): Impotent African patriarchs, unruly African sons in colonial South Africa, in: Aguilar, Mario (ed.): The politics of age and gerontocracy in Africa, Ethnographies of the past and memories of the present, Africa World Press, Trenton, pp. 31-64. [9321]

Carton, Benedict (2000): Blood from your children, The colonial origins of generational conflict in South Africa, University of Virginia Press, Charlottesville. [9322]

Carton, Benedict (2001): Locusts fall from the sky, Manhood and migrancy in Kwa Zulu, in: Morrell, Robert (ed.): Changing men in Southern Africa, Zed Books, London, pp. 129-140. [9323]

Carton, Benedict / Morrell, Robert (2006): Kampfsport, stählerne Körper und Mannhaftigkeit in der südafrikanischen Zulukultur, 1800-1930, in: Werkstatt Geschichte, 44, 3, pp. 67-80. [9324]

Clowes, Lindsay (2001): ‘Are you going to be Miss (or Mr) Africa? Contesting masculinity in Drum Magazine, 1951-1953, in: Gender and History, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1-20. [9325]

Clowes, Lindsay (2005): To be a man, Changing constructions of manhood in Drum Magazine, 1951-1965, in: Ouzgane, Lahoucine / Morrell, Robert (eds.): African masculinities, Men in Africa from the nineteenth century to the present, Palgrave MacMillan, New York, pp. 289-108. [9326]

Clowes, Lindsay (2008): Masculinity, matrimony and generation, Reconfiguring patriarchy in Drum 1951-1983, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 179-192. [9327]

Conway, Daniel (2005): Masculinity, citizenship and political objection to military service in Apartheid South Africa, in: Gouws, Amanda (ed.): (Un)thinking citizenship, Feminist debates in contemporary South Africa, Ashgate Publishing, Aldershot, pp. 91-116. [9328]

Daphne, Jeremy (1998): A new masculine identity, Gender awareness raising for men, in: Agenda, no. 37, pp. 24-29. [9329]

Delius, Peter / Glaser, Cliffe (2002): Sexual socialization in South Africa, A historical perspective, in: African Studies, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 29-53. [9330]

Donaich, Alex / Peacock, Dean (2006): Masculinities in motion, in: Jones, Adam (ed.): Men of the global South, Zed Books, London. [9331]

Dunkle, K.L. / Jewkes, R.K. et al. (2006): Perpetration of partner violence and HIV risk behaviour of young men in the rural Eastern Cape, in: AIDS, 20, pp. 2017-2024. [9332]

Eagle, Gill (2006): Masculine victims, A contradiction in terms? in: Critical Psychology, International Journal of Critical Psychology, Issue 17: Critical Psychology in Africa, pp. 47-76. [9333]

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